In recent years, we have discussed the correlation of malignant tumor process with the development of osteoporosis, which can be exacerbated by ongoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The aim of the work was to assess the status of bone metabolism in 32 untreated patients with lung cancer without metastasis. Materials and Methods: Patients underwent dual-energy X-ray osteodensitometry of proximal part of femoral bone. Osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) parameters were studied in blood, as well as osteo-associated chemical elements. Results: Lung cancer proceeds with severe disorders of bone metabolism, which is accompanied by an increase in blood levels of OP, OС, AP, phosphorus, lithium, lead, strontium and cobalt against a decrease of calcium, magnesium and manganese, which were observed in 75; 78; 31; 100; 66; 47; 44; 3; 100; 100, and 6% of patients, respectively; such disorder was associated with a morphological variant of the tumor (cobalt) and stage of disease (calcium, magnesium, manganese, strontium), development of osteodeficit (OP, OC, AR, strontium, zinc). Osteodeficit in the form of osteopenia and osteoporosis is observed more common in women, in every second patient, and osteodensimetric T-score depends on the age of patients, directly correlates with the values of the OP and OC, and inversely — with a zincemia rate. Conclusions: The disorders of bone metabolism in patients with lung cancer indicate the need for the development of antiosteoporosis treatment for cancer patients.

Aim: To evaluate changes in indicators of endothelial function and their relationship with morphological forms of disease, stage of pathological process and tumor markers, by analysis the peripheral blood of lung cancer (LC) patients. Materials and Methods: 38 LC patients without metastases (mean age — 57 years) prior chemo- and radiotherapy were included in the study. The duration of the disease manifestation was 18 months. 21% of patients had small cell LC, and the rest — non-small cell LC. The ratio of patients with stages IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA and IIIB LC was 1 : 3 : 3 : 4 : 4 : 4. The enzyme immunoassay, spectrophotometry, and statistical data analysis were used. Results: Endothelial dysfunction of vessels was characterized by increased blood levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET1), homocysteine (HCys), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), P-selectin (PSel) and nitrites (NO2) and simultaneously by decreased values of prostacyclin (PgI2). Those were observed in 100; 90; 76; 71; 50; 53 and 79% of LC cases, respectively. Disturbances of vascular endothelial function were associated with patient’s age, disease duration, and morphological form and LC stage. Such changes were observed in women with higher prevalence. The studied indices correlated with tumor markers, namely transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1), fibronectin and osteopontin. Conclusion: Indices of vascular endothelial dysfunction in LC can be of diagnostic and prognostic value.

Summary. Over the past decades, breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and one of the key causes of mortality and disability among women in developed countries. Aim: Determination of the role of Ki-67 index in assessing the quality of neoadjuvant polychemotherapy treatment using regional or systemic delivery routes of pharmacological agents in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Materials and Methods: The retrospective analysis of 30 clinical trials of LABC treatment based on selective intra-arterial therapy in patients with BC (T4A-DN0-3M0) was used. Results: The decrease in Ki-67 level in LABC after selective intra-arterial polychemotherapy was more pronounced than after systemic polychemotherapy. No correlation of the tumor metastatic potential with a Ki-67 level was detected. Conclusion: Assessment of Ki-67 expression allows to evaluate effectively the biological properties of the tumor, predict the course of the disease and choose the optimal tactics of neoadjuvant polychemotherapy (regional or systemic variant) as part of integrated antitumor treatment.

Summary. Aim: To study the state of purine metabolism in gastric (GAC) and pulmonary (PAC) adenocarcinomas and to assess its clinical and pathogenetic significance. Patients and Methods: One hundred and six male patients were examined, among whom were 63 subjects aged 34 to 79 suffering from GAC, and 43 subjects aged 24 to 76 suffering from PAC. In GAC, the ratio of the pyloric, corporeal and antral localization of the tumor and variant of overall gastric lesion accounted to 24:5:1:1; and that of the central and peripheral PAC was 2:1. Serum levels of purine metabolism products (uric acid, oxypurinol, adenine, guanine, xanthine, hypoxanthine) were measured and activities of xanthine oxidase, xanthine deaminase, adenosine deaminase and 5-nucleotidase were analyzed. Results: Purine metabolism disorders are observed in all GAC and 91% of PAC patients; among other things, hyperuricemia is observed in ¾ and ½ of cases, respectively; moreover, the nature of changes is more pronounced in gastric cancer and, in both groups of patients, these indices reflect the disease course severity, are associated with the neoplastic process localization, have a predictive value, trigger the development of metastases. Conclusion: Сhanges in purine metabolism are involved in the pathogenetic patterns of GAC and PAC, reflect the course of the tumor process, are associated with tumor localization and have prognostic significance.

Objective. Investigation of quality of life (QL) in patients, suffering inoperable forms (locally-spread) of mammary gland cancer (MGC), before and after conduction of neoadjuvant courses of systemic polychemotherapy (SPCHTH) and selective intraarterial polychemotherapy (SIAPCHTH) in combination with SPCHTH. Маterials and methods. Complex treatment was conducted in 154 patients, suffering locally-spread MGC T4A-DN0-3M0 in a period 2000 -2017 yrs, on base of Donetsk Regional Antitumoral Centre and The University Clinic of Odessa National Medical University. All the patients were divided into two groups. Tо Group I (control) were included 65 patients, suffering inoperable forms of a locally-spread MGC, to whom as a neoadjuvant course a SPCHTH was conducted; and to the Group II (investigating) - 89 patients, suffering inoperable forms of locally-spread MGC, to whom a SIAPCHTH was conducted as a neoadjuvant course. Results. Through the period of treatment a wave-like dynamics of the quality of life index was observed, which indicated a definite advantage of SIAPCHTH over SPCHTH. A limited statistically trustworthy difference in favor of regional polychemotherapy was formed between the Groups of patients in accordance to the quality of life index. Conclusion. Investigation of quality of life constitutes a secure, informative and economic method of estimation of a patient state of health on the groupings and the individuals levels. In oncological investigations the QL assessment constitutes an important criterion of the treatment efficacy estimation and has a prognostic significance. Estimation of quality of life in clinical investigations improves the investigation quality itself.