The IoT applications in the agriculture industry are intertwined in many ways, creating a hybrid construct of traditional businesses with digital connectivity implementations. Strategic issues and principles on the assimilation of IoT solutions are prevailed through time: investment costs, data interconnectivity, management, and analysis, as well as data security. As the first international organization in which China is the founding country, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization provides strategic support for China on the international stage. At present, there are various issues on the bilateral trade in agricultural products. Realizing the high-quality development of agricultural products trade with SCO member states is of great significance in forming a new pattern of sustainable and healthy development of bilateral agricultural product trade cooperation during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, promoting the joint construction of “a community of shared future for Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” On the basis of analyzing the status quo of bilateral agricultural trade from 2011 to 2019, the influence of various influencing factors on the high-quality development of bilateral agricultural trade is empirically analyzed based on the gravity model. The study found that the overall quality of agricultural trade between China and the SCO member countries has shown a fluctuating upward trend with a larger development space. The size of the market, the level of trade facilitation, and the degree of trade openness and trade structure in each country have a significant role in promoting export value of China and other countries.