El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar las potencialidades del control biológico de peces y copépodos sobre mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) de importancia higiénica-sanitaria en la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba. Los principales criaderos permanentes de culícidos de los 13 municipios con que cuenta la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba fueron muestreados, con el objetivo de evaluar alternativas de control biológico. Los resultados mostraron que las especies de mosquitos mejor representados y distribuidas en la provincia correspondieron a Anopheles albimanus, chlerotatus mediovittata, O. taeniorhynchus, Psorophora confinnis, Culex quinquefasciatus y C. nigripalpus. En cuanto a los peces: Gambusia punctata, Girardinus metallicus, Poecilia reticulata, Limia vittata y Nandopsis tetracanthus fueron los mejor representados. Se corroboró in vitro, que el copépodo Mesocyclops aspericornis es capaz de depredar eficientemente a las larvas de C. quinquefasciatus. El análisis de efectividad y riesgo-beneficio entre el insecticida Propoxur, Bacillus thurigiensis y peces larvívoros, muestra que este último es la mejor alternativa de control. El uso de agentes biológicos es una alternativa simple y relativamente económica dentro de los programas integrados de control de mosquito transmisores de enfermedades en Villa Clara, Cuba, por lo que debe de potenciarse mucho más el empleo de dichas alternativas de control biológico.

The teaching-learning process is greatly enriched when the motivation of students is achieved, so that they show greater interest in learning and are allowed to interact with others in being, knowing and doing, where they constantly ask questions, are amazed and can seek solutions to increasingly complex problems of their school and professional environment. To this end, it is necessary to propose a Project Based Learning methodology based on an optional program for the initial training of the Short Cycle Higher Technician in Pharmaceutical Services, during the 2022 course that contributes to the achievement of professional competences and knowledge management of the future graduate of Pharmaceutical Services of the Faculty of Nursing and Health Technology. University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, Cuba, which will be oriented to action, interdisciplinarity and use of Information and Communication Technologies. The Project Based Learning methodology proposed in the elective program constitutes an innovative experience in the undergraduate course, with the purpose of developing skills in self-management of knowledge in students and development of professional competences.

Phytopharmaceuticals constitute a therapy that, when carried out on a scientific basis, becomes a necessary, safe, effective and, above all, economical alternative in the confrontation of diseases that affect humans and other animals, for the achievement of health. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a revitalizing ointment of Aloe vera L and Bixa orellana L for skin lesions in cattle. The methods used correspond to the transversal research for case control, a total of 76 animals of the classified by categories, females and males of mestizo breeds, belonging to the Basic Livestock Unit "Liberation of Caibarién", Caibarien, Villa Clara, Cuba were selected during the year 2019 where there were problems with the iron marking, the lesions and the statistical equivalence in both groups were taken into account. From the benefits of the two medicinal plants, an ointment was elaborated to treat skin lesions such as burns, wounds and in general, any lesion that tends to chronicity or infection and therefore it is required to accelerate the healing process. The revitalizing ointment proved to be a good healing agent, since it helps the prompt recovery of the lesions and of the animals. In no case did allergic reactions or irritation occur. Since there are difficulties with the acquisition of healing ointments in veterinary medicine, it constitutes an effective and economical alternative treatment, with a positive impact on livestock and industrial production, as well as on the environmental aspect.

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