The programmed cell death ligand protein 1 (PD-L1) is a member of the B7 protein family and consists of 290 amino acid residues. The blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway is effective in tumor treatment. Results: Two pharmacophore models were generated based on peptides and small molecules. Hypo 1A consists of one hydrogen bond donor, one hydrogen bond acceptor, two hydrophobic points and one aromatic ring point. Hypo 1B consists of one hydrogen bond donor, three hydrophobic points and one positive ionizable point. Conclusions: The pharmacophore model consisting of a hydrogen bond donor, hydrophobic points and a positive ionizable point may be helpful for designing small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-L1.

Aim: Parathyroid hormone-1 receptor (PTH1R) is a member of B G protein-coupled receptors. The agonistic activation of the PTH1R results in the production and secretion of osteoclast-stimulating cytokines while antagonists may be used to treat bone metastases, hypercalcemia, cachexia and hyperparathyroidism. Results: We built pharmacophore models and investigated the characteristics of PTH1R agonists and antagonists. The agonist model consists of three hydrophobic points, one hydrogen bond acceptor and one positive ionizable point. The antagonist model consists of one hydrogen bond donor and three hydrophobic points. Conclusion: The features of the two models are similar, but the hydrogen bond acceptor, which is the main difference between PTH1R agonists and antagonists, suggests it may be essential for the agonist.