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Antimony with compelling features in capacity and sodiation voltage has not been literally considered for practical applications, due to the lack of scalable fabrication methods that can make antimony stable enough in cycling and more affordable than hard carbon. Herein, the synthesis of yolk–shell antimony/carbon composites from cheap source materials is introduced, which only entails common apparatuses and is not energy intensive. The reduction of antimony trioxide coated with polypyrrole (PPy) creates hollow space and gives rise to the construction of yolk–shell structures. The material cost is evaluated to be ≈$6.6 kg–1, which is much lower than the price of standard hard carbon. A sublimation–reduction mechanism is revealed by a heating experiment performed in using environmental transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From real‐time observation of the sodiation process, the feasibility of such structure designing is validated to counter expansion upon sodiation. The composite delivers a reversible capacity up to 612 mAh g–1 and exhibits excellent stability in deep cycling. The stability is correlated with the confinement of antimony inside the carbon shell. Through further characterization using cryogenic TEM, the generation of solid–electrolyte interphases on both the antimony and carbon is confirmed.

Background: The progression of coagulation in COVID-19 patients with confirmed discharge status and the combination of autopsy with complete hemostasis parameters have not been well studied.Objective: To clarify the thrombotic phenomena and hemostasis state in COVID-19 patients based on epidemiological statistics combining autopsy and statistical analysis.Methods: Using autopsy results from 9 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and the medical records of 407 patients, including 39 deceased patients whose discharge status was certain, time-sequential changes in 11 relevant indices within mild, severe and critical infection throughout hospitalization according to the Chinese National Health Commission (NHC) guidelines were evaluated. Statistical tools were applied to calculate the importance of 11 indices and the correlation between those indices and the severity of COVID-19.Results: At the beginning of hospitalization, platelet (PLT) counts were significantly reduced in critically ill patients compared with severely or mildly ill patients. Blood glucose (GLU), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and D-dimer levels in critical patients were increased compared with mild and severe patients during the entire admission period. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score was also high in critical patients. In the relatively late stage of nonsurvivors, the temporal changes in PLT count, PT, and D-dimer levels were significantly different from those in survivors. A random forest model indicated that the most important feature was PT followed by D-dimer, indicating their positive associations with disease severity. Autopsy of deceased patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for DIC revealed microthromboses in multiple organs.Conclusions: Combining autopsy data, time-sequential changes and statistical methods to explore hemostasis-relevant indices among the different severities of the disease helps guide therapy and detect prognosis in COVID-19 infection.

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