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The article considers the issues of business development of Ukraine. Supporting small business and building a society-oriented economy are becoming important areas of Ukraine’s reform. The main factor is to raise people’s living standards and promote the integration of the national economy. Based on a detailed analysis of statistics and indicators that characterize Ukrainian business trends, namely: the number of companies, number of employees, sales, financial indicators, we are trying to find a way out, looking for new ways to reform. Promising ways to solve these problems in the context of small business support are proposed. In today’s market economy, Ukraine is forced to overcome many macroeconomic obstacles, mainly due to inefficient financial security, excessive tax pressure and other restrictions imposed by law. The creation of an appropriate legal framework for business development primarily involves the establishment of legal guarantees to ensure freedom and protection of private property, the formulation of effective laws and regulations aimed at stimulating entrepreneurship, eliminating legal contradictions and repealing regulations that hinder the development of private initiative. By ignoring the benefits of entrepreneurship, the number of employees increased and the number of self-employed decreased. These processes negatively affect the social activities of citizens, inhibiting the desire and ability of people to pursue specific interests associated with the active activities of independent businesses. Therefore, in order to introduce an effective mechanism of entrepreneurship in Ukraine, it is necessary to first take certain measures to democratize market relations and reduce social tensions. The interests of entrepreneurs should be protected not only by government agencies, but also by individual organizations created to lobby the business community, whose views are important in the national decision-making process, especially with regard to taxation and donations. Therefore, a promising way to overcome these obstacles should be to reach a consensus that entrepreneurs should protect their own interests. The role of the state should be only to improve the necessary infrastructure and create an effective legal framework to create space for the development of public organizations and other associations aimed at solving the problems of Ukrainian business development.

According to the majority view, the Baltic class of inchoative verbs in -sta- continues, mutatis mutandis, PIE sḱe/o-presents. However, important details remain unclear, which makes the connection a mere hypothesis. The present paper derives all formal and functional properties of the Baltic sta-category from the PIE sḱe/o-(desiderative-)inchoative, formulates a sound law responsible for the phonological shape of the suffix -sta-, and seeks to substantiate the proposed law with independent evidence. A Balto-Slavic change sḱ > st has been surmised before, but it has never been properly demonstrated for Baltic and is falsifiable when it comes to Slavic.

As attested, the Slavic pantheon is rather well-populated. However, many of its numerous members are known only by their names mentioned in passing in one or two medieval documents. Among those barely attested Slavic deities, there are a few whose very existence may be doubted. This does not deter some scholars from articulating rather elaborate theories about Slavic mythology and cosmology. The article discusses two obscure Slavic deities, “Black God” and “White God,” and, in particular, reexamines the extant primary sources on them. It is argued that “Black God” worship was limited to the Slavic North-West, and “White God” never existed.

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