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Acrylamide (Ac) in the foods and alcohol (Al) in the drinks are unavoidable. Several previous studies demonstrated that these substances which are taken into the body via diet may cause adverse effects in the cells. However, there is no study about how Ac and Al may affect the male reproductive system of the offspring when consumed by the mother during pregnancy and lactation. For this purpose, sexual development in male mice was evaluated after intake of 14 mg/kg Ac and 2 g/kg Al from gestation day 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21. The weight of the offspring was reduced at birth and PND 21 for those exposed to Ac and/or Al. The gonadosomatic index of male offsprings was reduced except for the Ac-treated lactation group. Both substances induced multinuclear giant cells, degenerative cells, atrophic tubules, and maturation-arrested tubules, while decreased Leydig, Sertoli, and spermatogenic cell numbers. Lipid peroxidation level and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity increased in both Al-treated and Ac and Al-treated groups. There was only reduction in the catalase activity during the gestation and lactation periods. These findings suggest that consumption of Ac together with Al may induce impairments on testicular spermatogenesis in male offsprings.

Alburnus istanbulensis (Battalgil, 1941) is a commercially valuable endemic species which exists in the coastal streams of Marmara Region's northern sectors. 317 individuals, which were collected from Darlık Dam, were examined during December 2011-December 2012. The highest GSI values were 13.07±1.63 for females and 6.95±1.28 for males in the beginning of June. The lowest GSI values were observed in August for females (1±0.33) and in September for males (1.05±0.21). By comparing the histological findings with macroscopic observations and GSI values, five developmental stages were determined for females, four developmental stages for males. These findings revealed that A. istanbulensis spawn in June.

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