We report the rare case of a 22-year-old female admitted for headaches, nausea, and an isolated lesion of the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) found on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A lumbar puncture test was performed, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis was found. Twenty days before the symptoms, she had spinal anesthesia for a cesarean section.As soon as the diagnosis was made, antibiotic therapy was initiated. Nonetheless, no signs or symptoms were related to this lesion, which spontaneously disappeared within one month on the control MRI.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacillus and may cause rare and severe meningitis. Therefore, a history of a neurosurgical procedure or spinal anesthesia should be sought in the anamnesis.

Fat embolism syndrome is potentially lethal. It is frequently a complication of long bone fractures and/or orthopedic surgery. Cerebral fat embolism is an unusual condition characterized by purely cerebral involvement. Neurological signs can be variable and brain MRI has a pivotal role in the diagnosis. We report the case of a 69-year-old male who presented motor impairment and a disorder of consciousness in the early postoperative course of total hip arthroplasty for a left femoral neck fracture, which occurred 24 hours before surgery. He had no dermatologic or respiratory signs. No respiratory or dermatologic signs were found. Blood samples showed moderate thrombopenia and hemolytic anemia. Multiple lesions were found on brain MRI. Diagnosis of cerebral fat embolism was established after ruling out differentials.