This study investigates overpressure evolution and its relationship to the spatial and temporal changes in the sedimentation rate in the passive continental margin of offshore Suriname. We analysed well data to estimate pore pressure at the well locations and to interpret relevant overpressure-generating mechanisms. Three-dimensional basin modelling was performed to reconstruct overpressure evolution in the area. Highlights • Overpressure evolution and its relation to sedimentary history were examined in offshore Suriname. • Temporal changes in sedimentation resulted in cycles of overpressure generation and dissipation. • Spatial variation in sedimentation caused lateral changes in the amount of overpressure. • The sedimentation rate primarily controlled the overpressure evolution in the region. • The overpressure history in offshore Suriname is linked with the hinterland evolution. How to cite this article: Nifuku K, Kobayashi Y, Araki Y, Ashida T, Taniwaki T. Overpressure evolution controlled by spatial and temporal changes in the sedimentation rate: Insights from a basin modelling study in offshore Suriname.