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A device to evaluate the distribution of the ventilation in diapers by using a tracer gas method (steady state method) was developed to investigate the effect of the design-and material-factor of diapers on heat and water vapor transfer by ventilation. This device can also measure the

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of shoe fit and moisture permeability of a leather shoe on shoe microclimate and air exchange Three kinds of leather shoe with different fit were compared, whose ball girth were tight fitted: 1E, medium fitted: 2E, loose fitted: 3E. It was also examined the effect of water vapor permeability of a leather shoe which would affect water vapor transfer in a shoe. We compared the artificial leather with the natural leather. Subject trials were carried out with above shoes in a climatic chamber under the condition of 30℃, 65％RH. The shoe microclimate of the foot and the velocity over the opening the shoe were measured. The subject walked on a tread-mill for 20 minutes after 10 minutes' rest and repeated twice. The experimental results showed that the absolute humidity in a shoe microclimate of the natural leather was lower than one of artificial leather at all part of a foot. It indicated that the water vapor transfer of the natural leather was larger than the artificial leather. The smaller the ball girth of shoe was, the larger the magnitudes of velocity near the opening, especially at the arch of the foot. The decrease of absolute humidity during walking in the arch was larger for tight fitted 1E than for the medium fitted 2E. It seemed the bellows action during walking. This fit effect was supported by our earlier study of the bellows action [1-3].

Convective heat transfer coefficients of the vertical hot plate with the clothing material placed parallel to it, when there was no forced flow in surroundings, were measured. The effect of air penetration both through the permeable clothing material and through the bottom of air space was studied.The effect of radiation property of the clothing material was also examined. The effect of penetration on heat transfer through the material was smaller than those through the bottom of the space when there was no forced flow in surroundings. Radiation effect of the material on heat transfer was about 30 _??_ 5% for every height and size of air space when the bottom was closed, while when the bottom was open, radiation effect was much less than those of closed condition when space was 5 or 10 mm. It was probably because of convection in air space of clothing.

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