In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), elements along the supply chain can be connected to one another to offer tracking capabilities. The information obtained from an always connected and working supply chain is then incorporated into the simulations of the virtual world (digital twin). This allows for an instantaneous simulation of the environment at any point in time and better, more optimized, and quicker decisions are made based on the results. This translates into more performance and a stronger competitive advantage. This paper will examine the main concepts surrounding the supply chain from the perspective of digitalization. In this paper, we will take a closer look at the main concepts related to the supply chain in light of digitalization.

Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a type of pandemic viruses that cause respiratory tract infection in humans. The clinical imaging of Chest X-Ray (CXR) by Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) plays an important role to identify the patients who infected by COVID-19. The objective of this paper presents a Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) method for automatically classify 110 frontal CXR images of contagious people according to Normal and COVID-19 infection. The proposed method contains of four phases: image enhancement, feature extraction, feature selection and classification. Gaussian filter is performed to de-noise the images and Adaptive Histogram Equalization (AHE) for image enhancement in pre-processing step for better decision-making process. Local Binary Pattern (LBP) features set are extracted from the dataset. Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) is considered to select the clinically relevant features and developing the robust model. The successive features are fed to Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifiers. The experimental results show that the system robustness in classification COVID-19 from Normal images with average accuracy 94.6%, sensitivity 96.2% and specificity 93%.

It is important to connect wirelessly a group of moving mobile nodes together in a static or dynamic form, to transfer digital data between them, this form known as a mobile ad hoc network. This private network can be used in different essential situations where it depends on each connected mobile node to deliver and pass the data between them, without any fixed access point or router. Unfortunately, there are different types of attacks that can affect these nodes, and steal or corrupt the data inside, one of these attacks called the black hole attack. In this paper, a compared study will be done between two major innovative techniques derived from the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol to avoid the black hole attack; the paper will compare the two techniques in delay, throughput and packet dropping efficacy.

Designing a Radio Frequency (RF) front end is vastly realized for determining the level of integration that is required in the signal chain inside the receivers to be idealistic. The receivers is susceptible to harmful intermodulation due to nonlinear RF front ends. In this paper, intermodulation distortion is avoided by a selective prototype hardware design of RF fort end which is connected with the Arduino Uno for controlling the power levels. The measurements are tested out as a result of injecting a signals within x-band frequencies and chosen different power levels are assumed. These measurements is revealed an accepted results for the intermodulation avoidance.

Due to the spectacular growth of the wireless services and demands in recent years, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a latest and suiTable modulation scheme for commercial high-speed broadband wireless communication systems. OFDM is one of the main techniques proposed to be employed in 4th Generation Wireless Systems. One of the OFDM key parameters is a cyclic Prefix (CP). Cyclic prefix is a guard time length padded with every OFDM symbol to completely alleviate Inter-symbol Interference (ISI) and to preserve orthogonality among OFDM subcarriers as long as the guard time length is sufficiently greater than channel delay spread. This paper analyzes OFDM system and the effect of cyclic prefix and length of cyclic prefix on OFDM system. Besides, compare the performance of the system with and without cyclic prefix. The simulations were carried out over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels, and the results have been compared with the theoretical ones.