A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain MaA-Y11T, was isolated from a culture of Microcystis aeruginosa in the Republic of Korea. Cells were non-motile rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain MaA-Y11T was observed at 25–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, 7.0) and in the presence of 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Strain MaA-Y11T did not produce flexirubin-type pigments. Strain MaA-Y11T contained iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone-6 as the sole isoprenoid quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids were detected as the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain MaA-Y11T formed a phyletic lineage with Flavobacterium lindanitolerans IP-10T within the genus Flavobacterium . Strain MaA-Y11T was most closely related to Flavobacterium lindanitolerans IP-10T, with a 98.85 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, and shared less than 93.87 % sequence similarities with other type strains. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain MaA-Y11T and the type strain of F. lindanitolerans were 87.0 and 32.3 %, respectively. Here, we conclude that strain MaA-Y11T represents a new species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium microcysteis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MaA-Y11T (=KACC 21225T=JCM 33501T).

A Gram-stain-negative, orange-pigmented and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain MJ115T, was isolated from seawater in Pohang, South Korea. Cells were non-motile rods and showed positive reactions for catalase and oxidase tests. Growth of strain MJ115T was observed at 4–35 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6.0–7.0 (optimum, pH 6.5) and in the presence of 0–8.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.0%). Strain MJ115T contained iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 1  ω9c, C17 : 0 2-OH, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1  ω7c and/or C16 : 1  ω6c) as major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone-6 as the major respiratory quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids were detected as major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 40.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MJ115T formed a phyletic lineage with Nonlabens marinus S1-08T, Nonlabens agnitus JC2678T and Nonlabens antarcticus AKS 622T within the genus Nonlabens . Strain MJ115T was also most closely related to N. marinus S1-08T, N. agnitus JC2678T and N. antarcticus AKS 622T with 96.5, 96.4 and 96.0 % 16S rRNA sequence similarities, respectively. Here it is proposed that strain MJ115T represents a new species of the genus Nonlabens , for which the name Nonlabens ponticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MJ115T (=KCTC 72237T=NBRC 113963T). In addition, the comparison of the whole genome sequences and phenotypic features suggested that Nonlabens tegetincola and Nonlabens sediminis belong to the same species. Therefore, it is proposed that N. sediminis is reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of N. tegetincola .

A strict aerobic bacterium, strain JW14T was isolated from soil in the Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-endospore-forming and motile rods showing catalase-positive and oxidase-negative activities. Growth of strain JW14T was observed at 20–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–2.0% NaCl (optimum, 0%). Strain JW14T contained menaquinone-7 as the sole isoprenoid quinone, anteiso-C15:0, C16:0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids (>10.0%), and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminophospholipids and an unidentified lipid as the major polar lipids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain JW14T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content of strain JW14T calculated from the whole genome sequence was 48.1 mol%. Strain JW14T was most closely related to Paenibacillus graminis DSM 15220T with 97.4% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JW14T formed a distinct phyletic lineage from closely related type strains within the genus Paenibacillus . Based on the results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular analyses, strain JW14T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus agri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JW14T (=KACC 21840T=JCM 34279T).

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Two Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic and non-motile bacteria, strains R11T and S1162T, were isolated from soil in the Republic of Korea. Both strains were catalase- and oxidase-positive and contained menaquinone-7 as the major isoprenoid quinone. Strain R11T contained summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), iso-C15:0, C16:0 and iso-C17:0 3-OH as major fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid as major polar lipids; while strain S1162T contained summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 and summed feature 9 (10-methyl C16:0 and/or iso-C17:1 ω9c) as major fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified aminophospholipid as major polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains R11T and S1162T calculated from their whole genomes were 42.7 and 42.9 mol%, respectively. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain R11T formed a phylogenetic lineage with Mucilaginibacter jinjuensis YC7004T and strain S1162T formed a distinct phyletic lineage from closely related type strains within the genus Mucilaginibacter . Strains R11T and S1162T were most closely related to M. jinjuensis YC7004T and Mucilaginibacter panaciglaebae BXN5-31T with 97.78 and 97.23% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular analysis, strains R11T and S1162T represent two novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , for which the names Mucilaginibacter agri sp. nov. and Mucilaginibacter humi sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The type strains of M. agri and M. humi are R11T (=KACC 21228T=JCM 33472T) and S1162T (=KACC 21669T=JCM 33916T), respectively.