Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kangfuxin Solution, a pure Chinese herbal medicine, on mucositis induced by chemoradiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Methods. A randomized, parallel-group, multicenter clinical study was performed. A total of 240 patients were randomized to receive either Kangfuxin Solution (test group) or compound borax gargle (control group) during chemoradiotherapy. Oral mucositis, upper gastrointestinal mucositis, and oral pain were evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 and the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Results. Of 240 patients enrolled, 215 were eligible for efficacy analysis. Compared with the control group, the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in the test group were significantly reduced (P = 0.01). The time to different grade of oral mucositis occurrence (grade 1, 2, or 3) was longer in test group (P < 0.01), and the accumulated radiation dose was also higher in test group comparing to the control group (P < 0.05). The test group showed lower incidence of oral pain and gastrointestinal mucositis than the control group (P < 0.01). No significant adverse events were observed. Conclusion. Kangfuxin Solution demonstrated its superiority to compound borax gargle on mucositis induced by chemoradiotherapy. Its safety is acceptable for clinical application.

To determine predictive factors for temporal lobe injury (TLI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient (NPC) treated with intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A total of 695 NPC cases treated with IMRT were retrospectively analyzed. TLI was diagnosed on MRI images. Volume‐dose histograms for 870 evaluable temporal lobes were analyzed, and the predictive factors for the occurrence of TLI was evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and Logistic regression analysis was used to determine volume‐dose parameters that predict temporal lobe injury (TLI). Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the predictive factors for TLI. The radiation dose‐tolerance model of temporal lobe was calculated by logistic dose‐response model. The median follow‐up time was 73 months. A total of 8.5% patients were diagnosed with TLI. Among all the volume‐dose parameters, logistic regression model showed D2cc (the dose Gray delivered to 2 cubic centimeter volume) was an only independent predictive factor. Multivariate analysis showed D2cc of temporal lobe, fraction size of prescription, T stage, and chemotherapy were the independent predictive factors for TLI. Logistic dose‐response model has indicated the TD 5/5 and TD 50/5 of D2cc are 60.3 Gy and 76.9 Gy, respectively. D2cc of temporal lobe, fraction size of prescription, T stage, and chemotherapy were the possible independent predictive factors for TLI after IMRT of NPC. Biologic effective doses (TD 5/5 and TD 50/5) of D2cc are considered to prevent TLI.

A novel ammonium iodide-induced sulfenylation method of flavones, indole and arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines using stable and odorless sodium benzenesulfinates as sulfur sources was developed, generating regioselective derivatives in good yields. This method has enriched current thioether-producing methods and provided a good example of using ammonium iodide as a reaction inducer instead of iodine to make thioethers under environmentally friendly and odorless conditions.