Brucellosis due to Brucella melitensis infects mostly small ruminants and has been reported to be the most invasive and pathogenic species for humans. A cross-sectional sero-geospatial study was conducted in 4 and 3 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Katsina and Sokoto States, Nigeria respectively. Sera were analysed using c-ELISA while A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver was used to take geographic coordinates of all sampling points. Data were analysed with SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was used to measure associations among categorical variables. ArcGIS 10.3 was used to map the geospatial pattern of distribution of B. melitensis. Three-dimensional analysis was also performed using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation to determine the distribution pattern of B. melitensis in unsampled LGAs. Six (10.52%), 11 (20.0%), 11(2.0%) and 23 (23.0%) sera were positive from Bakori (n=57), Baure (n=56), Daura (n=55) and Funtua (n=101) LGAs of Katsina State respectively while 4 (12.5%), 1 (5.6%), 13 (14.8%) were positive from Illela (n=22), Tambuwal (n=19) and Yabo (n=90) LGAs respectively in Sokoto State were positive for B. melitensis antibodies. All the variables tested were not statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). The geospatial maps for both States were produced to show the prevalence of B. melitensis using c-ELISA throughout the LGAs sampled and extrapolation was done for other unsampledLGAs. Small ruminants in the study areas harboured antibodies to B. melitensis. The maps may serve as an excellent tool for active surveillance and control strategies for livestock diseases like brucellosis in the study area.

Safety practices on Nigerian construction sites cannot be overemphasized because it plays a huge role in the timely deliverability of projects and indeed the wellbeing of the construction site worker who bears the direct impact of construction site hazards which often most times is life threatening in the event that safety practices on construction sites are not strictly adhered to. The research objectives were to establish that construction workers attitude towards safety practices is determined by their understanding of construction site risks, safety rules and general work procedures; also to determine the extent of the relationship between poor safety culture and increased rate of unsafe acts in the Nigerian construction industry. It focused on workers of medium sized Construction Companies and specialized contractors operating within Benin City, South-South Nigeria and Gombe Metropolis, NorthEast Nigeria. The duration of study is between March 2017 and November 2018. Primary and secondary data were both collected through comprehensive literature review, personal interviews, structured questionnaire and observations. Five hundred (500) questionnaires (250 each administered within the study areas) were distributed to workers of construction companies to access their perception and understanding of safety practices on construction sites workplaces. Ranking on five point scale was used to analyze the questionnaires and to measure a range of opinions from most important to least important. The results shows Lack of safety training was ranked the highest; while Shortage or absence of safety equipments was ranked the lowest cause of workers' accidents on construction sites. 65% of the respondents affirmed that their companies practice safety programs while 35% affirmed otherwise. Amongst the Benefits of practicing Safety culture on construction sites, reduced accident occurrence is ranked the highest while the keeping of accidents and near misses records in relation to improving safety and preventing construction sites accidents ranked lowest. As a good safety practice on construction sites, it is the responsibility of the construction company and indeed its workers to identify unsafe construction site practices and conditions, and then try to correct them.