Dental caries are one of the major causes of oral degeneration diseases. In order to treat dental-related diseases, it is often challenging and expensive. Recent literature has reported many advances in designing delivery systems utilizing polymers and novel biomaterials. Polymers play an important role in designing many nanoformulations like liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, nano-hydroxyapatite, iron oxide, zirconia, silica, and silver nanoparticles were used to treat oral complications of the oral cavity including dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. The present review focus on the importance of novel biodegradable polymers like poly (D, L-Lactide acid), PLLA (poly-L-lactide), PDLA (poly-D- lactide), PLGA that is poly (D, L Lactide-co-glycolide), cellulose acetate phthalate, and Chitosan, etc used to design site-specific delivery and controlled drug delivery to treat dental diseases. Moreover, research development in this area will raise opportunities for the dentist, researchers, and pharmaceutical scientists to fabricate an ideal drug delivery system.