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In this paper, the location and the size of capacitors to be installed in radial distribution systems are determined by using the Symbiotic Organism Search (SOS) algorithm which is a new and powerful metaheuristic optimization technique in order to increase the efficiency by reducing the power losses in distribution systems and to deliver energy more economically with high quality by improving the voltage profile. In the process of determining the capacitor value, the value of the capacitors is taken as commercially available discrete values not as continuous values. The power flow analysis is performed using Forward and Backward Sweep (FBS) algorithm. IEEE 9 bus radial distribution system is used as test system. Performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by comparing the obtained results with the other studies found in the literature for the optimal capacitor placement and sizing (OCPS) problem and the superiority and effectiveness of the method by reducing the power losses in the system and annual cost to the optimum level is shown.