BACKGROUND The odontogenic jaw cyst is a cavity containing liquid, semifluid or gaseous components, with the development of the disease. In recent years, with the rapid development of oral materials and the transformation of treatment of jaw cysts, more options are available for treatment of postoperative bone defect of jaw cysts. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) places biomaterials in the bone defect, and then uses biofilm to separate the proliferative soft tissue and the slow-growing bone tissue to maintain the space for bone regeneration, which is widely used in the field of implantology. AIM To observe the clinical effect of GBR in repairing bone defect after enucleation of small and medium-sized odontogenic jaw cysts. METHODS From June 2018 to September 2020, 13 patients (7 male, 6 female) with odontogenic jaw cysts were treated in the Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Adults without hypertension, heart disease, diabetes or other systemic diseases were selected. The diagnosis was based on the final pathological results: 11 cases were diagnosed as apical cysts, one as primordial cyst, and one as dentigerous cyst. The lesions were located in the maxilla in seven cases, and in the mandible in six cases. All cases were treated with the same method of enucleation combined with GBR. RESULTS Three to four months after the operation, the boundary between the implant site and the surrounding normal stroma was not obvious in patients with small-sized odontogenic jaw cysts. The patients with tooth defects were treated with implant after 6 mo. For the patients with medium-sized odontogenic jaw cysts, the density of the center of the implant area was close to the normal mass at 6 mo after surgery, and there was a clear boundary between the periphery of the implant area and the normal mass. The boundary between the periphery of the implant area and the normal mass was blurred at 8-9 mo after surgery. Patients with tooth defects were treated with implants at > 6 mo after the operation. CONCLUSION Enucleation combined with guided bone regeneration in small and medium-sized odontogenic jaw cysts can shorten the time of osteogenesis, increase the amount of new bone formation, reduce complications, and improve quality of life.

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of a handheld infrared eccentric autorefractor (hICA) with artificial intelligence (AI) by comparing its refraction measurements to those recorded using hICA and a clinical table-mounted automatic refractor (TAR). METHODS: A cross-sectional study using three optometers, including hICA with or without AI and TAR, for refractometry of adults (aged 19-49 years old) with no signs of ocular disease or trauma in the absence of cycloplegia. Right and left eye refraction data were recorded, including the spherical equivalent (SE), diopter of spherical power (DS), diopter of cylindrical power (DC) decomposed into vectors J0 and J45, and measurement times. To avoid analytical difficulties associated with the interdependence of observations between eyes from the same individual, the Generalized Estimation Equation was used to compare the SE, DS, J0 and J45 measurements, and the times thereof, among the different groups. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to evaluate correlations among the measurements recorded by the three different instruments. Bland-Altman were used to analyze the precision of the equipment by the agreement. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients (140 eyes; mean age: 31.37y; range: 19-49y) were assessed using refractometry. In a brightly lit environment, there was no significant difference between the mean SE recorded using TAR and that recorded using hICA with AI or without AI (both P>0.05). In an intense-light environment, hICA equipped with AI showed a better detection rate than without AI. Light intensity had a greater effect on dioptric measurements recorded using hICA without AI (P<0.001) than on those recorded using the one equipped with AI (P<0.05). Measurement times varied significantly between the different light intensities and instruments (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: For the normal human eyes, AI may improve the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of measurements recorded using hICA in various light environments.

No abstract