Introduction: Healthy fitness training includes training of muscular strength, flexibility, and coordination, muscular endurance, cardiopulmonary endurance, neuromuscular composition, among other factors that promote the improvement of body capacity through its training. Currently, there needs to be more documents that provide a theoretical and practical basis for promoting basketball on campus and promoting healthy physical fitness in college students. Objective: Discuss the influences of basketball on health and fitness indicators in college students. Methods: This paper makes an updated literature review, practices the experimental method, elaborates the results with the mathematical statistics method, and discusses the expert interview method, questionnaire survey method, and logical analysis method. Results: The main exercises include dribbling, shooting, three-step, defense, health-related physics, strength and endurance, flexibility, etc., once a week for 60 minutes. The vital capacity and body composition index of 60 students were tested, and the data from each step were compared. Conclusion: Basketball can significantly improve college students' muscular strength and endurance level; basketball has a good role in promoting college students' physical fitness, including cardiorespiratory endurance and flexibility. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.