This study was aimed to systematically evaluate results of trials examining the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) consumption on body weight, lean body mass, resting energy expenditure, and overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients. We searched Medline, Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. We selected randomized controlled trials of n-3 PUFA vs. conventional nutrition in unresectable pancreatic cancer patients. We analyzed our data using the Cochrane statistical package RevMan 5.1. Eleven trials met our inclusion criteria. There was a significant increase in body weight [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54-0.69, P < 0.00001) and lean body mass (WMD = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86-1.06, P < 0.00001), a significant decrease in resting energy expenditure (WMD = -29.74; 95% CI, -55.89-3.59, P = 0.03), and an increase in overall survival (130-259 days vs. 63-130 days) in unresectable pancreatic cancer patients who consumed an oral nutrition supplement enriched with n-3 PUFAs compared to those who consumed conventional nutrition. This preliminary study suggests that n-3 PUFAs are safe and have a positive effect on clinical outcomes and survival in pancreatic cancer patients.

Purpose. To present the safety and effect of endoscopic transethmosphenoid optic canal decompression (ETOCD) for indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (ITON) patients with no-light-perception (NLP). Methods. A retrospective study performed on 96 patients (96 eyes) with NLP after ITON between June 1, 2010, and June 1, 2015, who underwent ETOCD, was reviewed. Visual outcome before and after treatment was taken into comparison. Results. The overall visual acuity improvement rate after surgery was 46.9%. The improvement rates of visual acuity of patients who received treatment within 3 days of injury, 3–7 days after injury, and later than 7 days were 63.6%, 42.9%, and 35.7%, respectively. Statistically significant difference was detected between the effective rates of within-3-day group and later-than-7-day group (χ 2 = 5.772, P = 0.016). The effective rate of atrophy group and nonatrophy group was 25.0% and 51.3%, respectively. The effective rate was significantly higher in nonatrophy group (χ 2 = 4.417, P = 0.036). Conclusion. For patients suffering from ITON with NLP, time to medical treatment within 3 days is an influential factor for visual prognosis. Optic nerve atrophy is an important predictor for visual prognosis. Treatment should still be recommended even for cases of delayed presentation to hospital.

BackgroundWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risks of cardiac adverse events in solid tumor patients treated with monotherapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or combined therapy of ICIs plus chemotherapy.MethodsEligible studies were selected through the following databases: PubMed, Embase and clinical trials (https://clinicaltrials.gov.) and included phase III/IV randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with the solid tumor treated with ICIs. The data was analyzed by using Review Manager (version5.3), Stata (version 15.1).ResultsAmong 2,551 studies, 25 clinical trials including 20,244 patients were qualified for the meta-analysis. Compared with PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) or CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) plus CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab) combined therapy showed significant increase in grade 5 arrhythmology (OR 3.90, 95% CI: 1.08–14.06, p = 0.603). PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy show significant increase in grades 1–5 myocardial disease (OR 5.09, 95% CI: 1.11–23.32, p = 1.000). Compared with chemotherapy, PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) or CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), PD-1 inhibitor (nivolumab) plus CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab) combined therapy show significant increase in grades 1–5 arrhythmology (OR 2.49, 95% CI: 1.30–4.78, p = 0.289).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis demonstrated that PD-1 inhibitor plus CTLA-4 inhibitor can result in a higher risk of grade 5 arrhythmology in comparison with PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor alone, and a higher risk of grade 5 arrhythmology in comparison with chemotherapy. PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy treatment could increase the risk of all-grade myocardial disease compared with chemotherapy. However, in most cases, there was no significant increase of risks of cardiovascular toxicity in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone.