This work developed a simple and efficient method to covalently functionalize black phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs) with carbon free radicals from azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) molecules. BPNFs after successful modification (BPNFs-AIBN) not only had good stability in air and aqueous solution, but also still maintained good optical properties.

In this study, we constructed an efficient hole migration pathway by integrating ultrathin amorphous NiOOH onto the Fe2O3 coating on F doped α-Fe2O3 nanorods. The resulting photoanode presents higher charge separation efficiency than most reported hematite-based photoanode.

In this article, we applied a facile regrowth strategy to prepare Mg-Fe2O3/P-Fe2O3 NRs photoanode with homojunction structure, which shown high PEC water oxidation efficiency. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the origin of the superior PEC performance is dependent on P-doping and Mg-Fe2O3 coating.