Humans are social animals, but not everyone will be mindful of others to the same extent. Individual differences have been found, but would social mindfulness also be shaped by one’s location in the world? Expecting cross-national differences to exist, we examined if and how social mindfulness differs across countries. At little to no material cost, social mindfulness typically entails small acts of attention or kindness. Even though fairly common, such low-cost cooperation has received little empirical attention. Measuring social mindfulness across 31 samples from industrialized countries and regions (n = 8,354), we found considerable variation. Among selected country-level variables, greater social mindfulness was most strongly associated with countries’ better general performance on environmental protection. Together, our findings contribute to the literature on prosociality by targeting the kind of everyday cooperation that is more focused on communicating benevolence than on providing material benefits.

Self-efficacy is a powerful and modifiable determinant of depressive symptoms. We should design interventions that focus not only on the skill aspects of self-care behaviour but also on those that have a strong connection with self-efficacy. We could incorporate the self-efficacy-enhanced strategies as proposed by social cognitive theory into the kidney transplantation care programme.

A multicenter, open‐label, noncomparative, randomized phase II study (PEPCOL) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the irinotecan or PEP02 (MM‐398, nanoliposomal irinotecan) with leucovorin (LV)/5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) combination as second‐line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Patients with unresectable mCRC who had failed one prior oxaliplatin‐based first‐line therapy were randomized toirinotecan with LV/5‐FU (FOLFIRI) or PEP02 with LV/5‐FU (FUPEP; PEP02 80 mg/m2 with LV 400 mg/m2 on day 1 and 5‐FU 2400 mg/m2 on days 1–2). Bevacizumab (5 mg/kg, biweekly) was allowed in both arms. The primary endpoint was 2‐month response rate (RR). Fifty‐five patients were randomized (FOLFIRI, n = 27; FUPEP, n = 28). In the intent‐to‐treat population (n = 55), 2‐month RR response rate was observed in two (7.4%) and three (10.7%) patients in the FOLFIRI and FUPEP arms, respectively. The most common grade 3–4 adverse events reported in the respective FOLFIRI and FUPEP arms were diarrhea (33% vs. 21%), neutropenia (30% vs. 11%), mucositis (11% vs. 11%), and grade 2 alopecia (26% vs. 25%). FUPEP has activity and acceptable safety profile in oxaliplatin‐pretreated mCRC patients.

No abstract

No abstract