Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to delineate the overall theoretical framework on the topic of internet addiction through the comprehensive narrative review to make readers aware of the conceptual growth and development in the respective field. The paper evolves theoretically from the historical foundation, phenomenology, clinical feature, etiological model to the treatment outcome of internet addiction. Multiple studies have been done in the field of mental health but dearth of work given head to toe theoretical overview for understanding of this trendsetter research area in mental health. Design/methodology/approach -Extensive review of literature has been carried out to make a systematic layout for conceptual paper. Findings -The internet has been a source of gratification for several behavioral addictions as well as psychiatric disorders. Mainly because of the lack of established diagnostic criteria and a dearth of large sample surveys, the prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) in general population has not been established. Still, from all the consolidated data, PIU seems to have a male preponderance and manifests itself in late adulthood. Symptoms of PIU can easily be masked with signs of dependence, tolerance and withdrawal which is quite similar to the phenomenology of substance addiction. Psychiatric co-morbidities are more of a norm than the exception in case of PIU. Even though the clinical status of PIU is doubtful, still there is a significant demand for its treatment all over the world. Overall, the excessive use of internet has been strongly debated in literature from PIU to a positive addiction. Only time will tell how it affects our civilization as a phenomenon of evolutionary significance. Originality/value -The paper is providing a general conceptual framework for internet addiction/PIU to enable readers to know about the topic in depth from the evolution of the concept to the recent developments in the area. . (2012), "Combined cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion for the treatment of problematic on-line game play in adolescents with major depressive disorder",

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With advent of new Smartphone technologies and the widespread utilization of touch screen mobile phones made humans embrace technology more and depend on it extensively and compulsively in their lives. Due to the new communication technologies and Smart phones the world is becoming a trajectory place where man is not relying on man for its needs but depending more on Smartphone apps which is replacing multivariate structure of human behavior where Smartphone Apps are transforming its functional role as a Guru, Mentor, Family physician, shopping consultant and so on. The present study is exploring the impact of Smartphone User Applications (Apps) on the behavior of the engineering students. This study examined Smartphone user behaviors and their relation to Smartphone addiction. A General Behavioral survey guided by a well structured self design questionnaire has been administered across a sample of hundred students. The questionnaire is comprised of Thirty items measuring amount, duration and pattern of usage of various Smartphone apps specifically health apps, entertainment apps, shopping apps, communication apps, and education apps.  Overall test score measuring overall addiction to the Smartphone. A Sample is assigned using random sampling and purposive sampling method. Two groups are divided in fifty male and fifty female across the age ranges from 18- 22 years from various Engineering Colleges to measure gender differences. The test findings showing significant level of difference among the Smartphone addiction across the gender in accordance with usage of various Smartphone apps. The overall trend shows male students are more prone to Smartphone addiction than female.

Internet technology has been invariably infused in all the aspects of engineering student’s life, excessive of which can lead to destruction in health, behaviour, academic grades and job performance. Personality disposition is one of the major factors in developing digital addiction among students from technical discipline. The study aims to explore the predictive ability of personality traits (introversion and emotional intelligence) on internet addiction and the mediating role of the emotional intelligence on the association between introversion and rampant usage of the internet. A sample of 260 students was picked up from engineering colleges with the mean age of 22.3 years. Internet Addiction Test, emotional intelligence questionnaire and McCroskey introversion scale were administered to gather related data. SPSS, structural equation modelling with partial least square and PROCESS macro were used to perform statistical and mediational analyses. The data were analysed with multivariate correlation, hierarchical regression, structural equation modelling and mediational analysis using the bootstrapping method. The results discovered that emotional intelligence and introversion have a noteworthy predictive effect on the level of internet addiction. Mediation analysis shows that emotional intelligence has full mediation effect on the relation between introversion and internet addiction. Excessive internet usage taking a toll on the mental and physical health of engineering students, whereas personality traits are playing a crucial role in developing such a behavioural addiction, and therefore, early detection and prevention is needed urgently.

In today’s century, women are playing multitasking role and thus have become an important nutshell of global environment which is a necessity for economic development and social progress. In order to achieve equal rights, identity and position in society educated women have to go long way despite all traditional barriers for them in their respective fields. The variation of Social fabric in the Indian society in terms of varied inspirations and increased educational status of women for better living necessitated a change in lifestyle of Indian women. As women they have to face cut-throat competition with man in every prospect, a business is no longer for them indeed balancing both family and work life. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the status of women entrepreneurs in India and also includes prospects and reasons which uplift them behind the women entrepreneurship. Another main purpose of this paper is to analyze policies of Indian government for women and also schemes adequately for the growth of women entrepreneurship. On the basis of this study, some suggestions are given to motivate and to enhance women to become a successful entrepreneur.