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This research aims to identify Aceh, Bali and Brahman cattle bones using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Cattle bone samples were obtained from Lambaro and Lampulo raditional market in Aceh Besar. Firstly, each bone sample was analyzed using FTIR and then followed by FTIR spectra analysis using PCA. FTIR spectra showed that inorganic samples produced from these cattle bones consisting of hydroxyl, carbonate and phosphate functional groups. Further inspection using the PCA plot, the cattle bones were separated into three groups with its difference of 90.03%. Three types of cattle bone (Aceh, Bali dan Brahman) are separated into different quadrants. Inspite of both Aceh cattle data are closed each to others and are located in the same quadrant. This experiment proved that the cattle bones of Aceh, Bali dan Brahman can be well distinguished by using the combination method of FTIR and PCA.

Preparation and characteristic of slow release tablet from environmental friendly material has been intensively studied. This current study focused on preparation of slow release tablet of magnesium and calcium nitrate. A mixture of sago starch, rice husk ash, hot water, magnesium and calcium nitrates gave compatible composite to prepare stable tablet. The higher sago starch in the composite gave the more stable tablet but with 20% sago content, tablets will survive at least 11 days in water. Magnesium and calcium release faster within distillate water than in soil. In media either water and soil, magnesium release rate was than rate of calcium release. Magnesium was found less available in RYP soil environment than in entisols and alluvial soil system.

This research is focused on the utilization of sea urchin shells collected from Sabang island, Aceh, Indonesia as raw material for heterogeneous catalyst preparation and Its catalytic study on transesterification reaction of palm oil and methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters which referred as biodiesel compound. The catalyst was prepared through thermal decomposition method, namely, it was calcined at 900°C in air atmosphere for 4 h and modified with various concentration of potassium element (5, 10, and 20wt.%) as dopant substance using impregnation process. The characterization results using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) proved that the produced catalyst was dominated by CaO crystals, in which MgO was detected as a minor compound. Another characterization using Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) showed that the produced catalyst has been homogeneous formation on their morphology. Finally, in order to have scientific information regarding its catalytic activity, the prepared catalyst was successfully applied to the transesterification reaction of palm oil and methanol resulting in ricinoleic methyl esters as the main biodiesel product.