Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are composed of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands, showing accessible functional sites, ultra-high porosity, and large specific surface area. Tricopper benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (CuBTC), as a three-dimensional MOF architecture with an open and robust micro-/nanoconfiguration, possesses excellent catalytic performance and superior electric conductivity as compared to bulk MOF. In this study, CuBTC was used as a substrate on which molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) was in situ constructed by a hydrothermal reaction to enhance the electronand ion-transfer capability. Then, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were electroreduced on a CuBTC@MoS 2 -modified electrode by linear sweep voltammetry for strengthening the connection between CA125 antibodies (CA125 Ab) and the substrate material. Due to the synergistic effect of CuBTC@MoS 2 and AuNPs, our biosensor showed excellent electrochemical performance. Subsequently, CuBTC@MoS 2 -AuNPs/CA125 Ab-functionalized electrodes were used for the detection of the ovarian cancer biomarker CA125 from 0.5 mU/mL to 500 U/mL by differential pulse voltammetry. The results showed that the peak current decreased with the increase of concentration, and there was a logistic regression relationship between peak current variation and concentration. As interfering substances, carcinoembryonic antigen, human epididymis protein 4, and bovine serum albumin were applied for specific analysis. Our biosensor showed an obviously large response signal for CA125 detection than those observed for other interfering substances. Finally, serum samples collected from five patients were tested on our sensors with good consistency toward clinical standards, showing high practicability. This work demonstrated a tactic for simultaneously integrating the nanostructure, electroconductivity, and biocompatibility to construct advanced biosensors for cancer biomarkers.

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Advances in medicine and pharmacy have saved many lives from death. Researchers and scientists around the world have made great strides with their findings, not only improving public knowledge with their findings but also keeping hope alive in the hearts of some people with incurable diseases. Various sciences accompanied medicine and pharmacy in this development, one of which is polymer engineering. Polymers due to amazing properties can be used as prostheses, drug carriers, gene delivery, etc. Polymers are unique candidates for the release of anticancer drugs. Non-toxicity, and biodegradability are important features of a carrier. This study summarizes cancer statistics and introduces several polymer-carriers.