Research on life-history traits of squamate reptiles has focused on North American species, while Asian taxa have been virtually ignored. In order to understand general patterns in reptile life histories, we need a broader data base. Our study on the slender-bodied lacertid lizard Takydromus septentrionalis provides the first detailed information on factors responsible for intraspecific variation in reproductive output and life history in a Chinese reptile. Clutches of recently collected lizards from five widely separated localities in China revealed major divergences in female body size at maturation, mean adult female body size, body condition after oviposition, size-adjusted fecundity, relative clutch mass, and mass and shape of eggs. Most of these geographical differences persisted when the same groups of females were maintained in identical conditions in captivity. Additionally, reproductive frequency during maintenance under laboratory conditions differed according to the animals' place of origin. Thus, the extensive geographical variation in reproductive and life-history traits that occurs within T. septentrionalis is exhibited even in long-term captives, suggesting that proximate factors that vary among localities (local conditions of weather and food supply) are less important determinants of life-history variation than are intrinsic (presumably genetic) influences. The maternal abdominal volume available to hold the clutch may be one such factor, based on low levels of variation in Relative Clutch Mass among populations, and geographical variation in the position of trade-off lines linking offspring size to fecundity.

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The fitness consequence of maternal nest‐site choice has attracted increasing scientific attention, but field studies identifying the long‐term effects of nest‐site choice on offspring survival and reproductive success are still rare in vertebrates. To investigate the consequences of nest‐site choice in lizards, we quantified the thermal and hydric conditions of nest sites that were chosen by female toad‐headed agama (Phrynocephalus przewalskii) in the desert steppe of northern China. We also determined the effect of nest‐site choice on embryonic development and survival and on offspring growth, survival and maturity by comparing the embryos and offspring from maternally and randomly chosen nest sites. We found that female toad‐headed agama chose warm and moist nest sites that improved the developmental rate and survivorship of embryos and promoted the post‐hatching growth, sexual maturity, reproduction and fitness of offspring, thereby improving their reproductive success. Such studies on short‐lived lizards across multiple stages of embryonic and postembryonic ontogeny are critical for fully understanding the fitness consequences of nest‐site choice. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12995/suppinfo is available for this article.