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Multiphysics methodology is a preferred tool for the design and optimization of electromagnetic linear actuators (EMLA). In this paper, a multiphysics method was proposed, which uses the non-simplified energy consumption distribution as the heat source for temperature field calculation, adjusts the material properties by temperature, and considers the interaction between motion (including impact) and loss. Then comprehensive experiments and quantitative analysis were carried out. The results show that the errors between simulated and experimental results of indices such as landing velocity, input circulating energy, iron loss and temperature rise of prototype were less than 5%. The prototype's total iron loss was decreased by 57.6% with fixed armature and dynamic response time was decreased by 10.4% without eddy current compared with the normal condition. This result validated the precision and necessity of the coupling model. In addition to being applied to EMLA, the proposed methodology can be used for analysis and design of a wide range of electromagnetic actuators.

Tri-stable permanent magnet actuator (TPMA) has been widely used in industry. In this study, a new TPMA integrating a permanent magnet actuator and two centralizing disc springs is proposed for valve application. By taking the linear coefficient of force/stroke characteristic, startup force, holding force and response time as the optimization objective, the TPMA was optimized based on an improved hierarchical genetic-particle swarm algorithm (HGP) and 3D Finite element analysis (FEA) under volume constrain. The optimization process was analyzed in detail to prove the effectiveness of multi-objective design. The performance of the prototype was verified experimentally. The results showed that a good linear force/stroke characteristic of prototype was obtained, and the linear coefficient of force/stroke characteristic was 0.97. The startup force was 409 N and holding force was 332 N, which increased by 32% and 54% after optimization, respectively. The dynamic response time of prototype from center stability to extreme stability was 5.8 ms. The TPMA can be applied extensively in the valve control. INDEX TERMSTri-stable permanent magnet actuator, multi-objective optimization, finite element analysis, force characteristic.

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Purpose – Based on the development trend and direction of the new energy vehicle, this paper analyzes the marketing environment of the new energy vehicle in the background of low carbon and green. Design/Methodology/Approach – PEST analysis method、4P Marketing Strategy. Findings – Based on PEST analysis and 4P analysis, this paper discusses and studies the marketing optimization strategy of Xiaopeng New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., the marketing optimization strategy of Xiaopeng New Energy Vehicle is discussed and analyzed. Based on the analysis and research, the following findings are obtained: First, Xiaopeng technology should aim at families with fuel cars, working class, or urban traffic congestion and have a commuter bus at home, and optimize the design to provide passengers with a better ride experience and enhance product competitiveness. Second, Xiaopeng science and technology should pay more attention to the added value of new energy, improve the quality and after-sales service of new energy vehicles, and provide more value-added services for consumers. Third, Xiaopeng science and technology should pay close attention to the characteristics of ”consumers’ purchasing behavior and pay attention to diversify marketing channels. At the same time, fourth- and fifth-tier cities set up stores to boost their sales channels. Fourthly, Xiaopeng Science and Technology should raise the brand awareness of enterprises and adopt scientific and unified promotional methods. At the same time, in order to improve the promotion effect, Xiaopeng Technology should continuously improve the evaluation and feedback of the promotion effect. Research Implications – First, guide Xiaopeng’s new energy automobile marketing problem. Understanding the current marketing situation of the enterprise, the deficiencies and problems are analyzed to play an auxiliary role in solving the problem effectively so as to make the enterprise get good results. Second, it helps to provide a reference for other related enterprises. This paper takes the new energy automobile marketing of Xiaopeng Science and Technology Enterprise as the object of analysis and hopes to provide references for other enterprises to formulate and implement marketing strategies.