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Pneumothorax and pleural effusion can occur after RF ablation in patients with lung tumors, and chest tube placement for pneumothorax is sometimes required.

RF ablation seems to be a promising treatment for malignant thoracic tumors.

Living-donor lobar lung transplantation can be applied to restrictive, obstructive, septic, and hypertensive lung diseases. This type of procedure can be an alternative to conventional cadaveric lung transplantation for both pediatric and adult patients who would die soon otherwise.