Mechanosensitivity is essential for heart function just as for all other cells and organs in the body, and it is involved in both normal physiology and diseases processes of the cardiovascular system. In this review, we have outlined the relationship between mechanosensitivity and heart physiology, including the Frank–Starling law of the heart and mechanoelectric feedback. We then focused on molecules involved in mechanotransduction, particularly mechanosensitive ion channels. We have also discussed the involvement of mechanosensitivity in heart diseases, such as arrhythmias, hypertrophy and ischaemic heart disease. Finally, mechanobiology in cardiogenesis is described with regard to regenerative medicine.

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that CD30 expression can be an important feature of peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs and CTCLs) and CD30 testing has increased in importance with the emergence of CD30-directed therapy.Areas covered: This article reviews the literature on CD30-related biology, prevalence, and therapy in patients with PTCL or CTCL. We searched the PubMed database from 1 January 2010 to 28 April 2020, using terms 'CD30ʹ ('peripheral T-cell lymphomas' or 'cutaneous T-cell lymphoma') and 'immunohistochemistry' or 'flow cytometry' or 'pathology,' and synonyms including terms for T-cell lymphoma subtypes. Expert opinion: CD30 is expressed at relatively high rates of prevalence across a broad range of PTCLs and CTCLs. CD30 expression may be critical to the development of a subset of PTCLs and also a biomarker for treatment choice in some subtypes. Large-scale randomized, controlled studies have shown that CD30-directed treatment with brentuximab vedotin is significantly more effective against CD30-expressing PTCL and CTCL than current standard-of-care regimens. However, accurate CD30 evaluation is limited by inconsistencies in detection methodology and expression cutoffs defining CD30-expressing disease. Greater understanding of CD30 testing and reporting will enable more patients with CD30-expressing PTCL and CTCL to be identified and treated appropriately.

The effect of ultrasound on nucleation phenomena in the heat storage material Na2HPO4.12H2O was investigated by determining the primary nucleation probability and induction time, and by looking at heat generation phenomena in the initial stage of nucleation. The experimental results show that the primary nucleation probability dramatically increased, and the induction time decreased under the ultrasound irradiation, and in addition, the rate of temperature rise was dependent upon the ultrasonic output. Based on these results and the theoretical relationship between the number of primary nuclei and the heat generation rate, it is proposed that the number of primary nuclei depends upon the ultrasonic output.

Objective To evaluate the safety profile of ixazomib combined with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in clinical practice in Japan through an all-case post-marketing surveillance. Methods This was a nationwide non-interventional observational study conducted in Japan. The study included all patients who received ixazomib from May 24 to September 24, 2017. Ixazomib was administered to RRMM patients according to the Japanese package insert. All enrolled patients were observed until the completion of the sixth treatment cycle or until ixazomib discontinuation. The patient treatment course, including adverse events (AEs), was reported. ResultsThe safety analysis set included 741 patients; the median age was 71 (range 35-92) years old, and the median number of prior treatment lines was 3 (range 1-30). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurred in 572 (77.2%) patients, most commonly being thrombocytopenia (49.9%), diarrhea (29.2%), and nausea (12.4%). Serious ADRs occurred in 193 (26.0%) patients, most commonly being thrombocytopenia (9.9%) and diarrhea (5.9%). Thrombocytopenia, severe gastrointestinal disorders, infections, skin disorders, and peripheral neuropathy were prespecified as ADRs of clinical importance; the frequency of these ADRs (grade ! 3) were 28.5%, 9.4%, 7.4%, 2.2%, and 1.3%, respectively. Treatment discontinuation was most common with thrombocytopenia and severe gastrointestinal disorders (49 and 43 patients, respectively). Eleven patients died due to ADRs (16 events). Conclusion These results suggest that ixazomib has a tolerable safety profile in clinical practice in Japan. However, close AE management for thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal disorders should be considered.

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