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A hypovirulent isolate, W370, of the white root rot fungus Rosellinia necatrix has previously been shown to harbour 12 dsRNA segments. In this study, complete nucleotide sequences of segments 2 and 5 of W370 dsRNAs were determined. The nucleotide sequence of genome segment 2 was 3773 bases long with a single long open reading frame (ORF) encoding 1226 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 138?5 kDa. The nucleotide sequence of segment 5 was 2089 bases long with a single long ORF, whose deduced polypeptide contained 646 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of about 72 kDa. Comparative analysis showed that the deduced protein sequence of segment 2 had significant homology with the putative VP2 of Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV) and European Eyach virus (EYAV) in the genus Coltivirus, but the deduced protein sequence of segment 5 had no similarity with other virus proteins. Double-shelled spherical particles approximately 80 nm in diameter associated with W370 dsRNAs were observed in a preparation from the mycelial tissue of isolate W370. The results demonstrated that the virus associated with W370 dsRNAs is a novel reovirus of the family Reoviridae. The virus was named Rosellinia anti-rot virus (RArV).

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The novel gluconeogenesis inhibitor FR225659 and four related compounds were isolated from the cultured broth of a fungal strain No. 19353. These compounds inhibited the glucagonstimulated gluconeogenesis of rat primary hepatocytes and had hypoglycemic effects in two different in vivo models.