IntroductionIn Japan, one of three adult men is obese, which has been a long-term social problem. Obesity describes a condition in which an individual has not only overweight but also excessive body fat. It has been shown previously that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 MCP-1 gene expression increases in enlarged mesentery adipose tissue with long-term obesity, which is followed by macrophage infiltration and activation 1 . Furthermore, inflammatory factors are produced form excessive infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue. Finally, the inflammatory reaction in adipose tissue becomes increasingly aggravated. Acceleration of such chronic inflammation is thought to contribute to the onset of lifestyle-related disease 2 .Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin present in vegetable oils and nuts and has eight different naturally occurring

KIYOSHI MATSUMOTO, HIROKAZU IJDA, TAKANE UCHIDA, YOSHIMI YAEIE, AIUKAZU KAKEHI, and J. WILLIAM LOW. Can. J. Chem. 72,2108Chem. 72, (1994.The thermally induced [2+3] cycloadditions of certain monocyclic aziridines to dimethyl 1-cyclobutene-l,2-dicarboxylate are described. The structures of the resulting bicyclic adducts were established unambiguously by X-ray analyses. The stereochemistries of the [2+3] adducts were interpreted in terms of dipole4ipole interactions and secondary orbital interactions. In certain cases an initial thermal conrotatory ring opening of the cyclobutene to 2,3-di(methoxycarbonyl)-1,3-butadiene precedes the [2+3] cycloaddition, affording the unexpected pyrrolidine adducts 12a and 12b. The structures and stereochemistries of the latter established by X-ray analysis strongly suggest that secondary orbital interactions between the phenyl and ester groups control and stereochemistry of the reactions. [Traduit par la rkdaction]

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