This study aims to evaluate the application of environmental probiotic on production performance (survival rate, absolute weight and length, biomass weight and specific growth rate and blood condition level in snakehead fish (Channa striatus) rearing. The research was conducted at the Cibalagung Environmental Research and Toxicology Installation, Bogor, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three treatments, including RIFA probiotic, commercial probiotic, and without probiotic application repeated three times each experiment. Fish (weight: 6.5-6.9 ± 0.04 g) were reared in 300 L tanks with density of about 30 fish/tank. Fish were fed with commercial feed (31% protein content) about 5% biomass per day. The parameters observed were production performance, hematology, and water quality. All data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued by the Duncan test. Water quality parameters were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that RIFA probiotic treated on snakehead fish produced the best production performance compared to commercial probiotic and without probiotic applications. These results were supported by much better water quality parameters and hematology performance of the fish.

Mangrove ecosystems in Karawang regency have a fairly extensive mangrove forest with various ecology functions based on conservation that can be used as ecotourism. This can be utilized as a local natural potential by being managed by the community. The purpose of this study was to analyze community perceptions of potensial mangrove ecotourism in Cilebar District are scattered in Pusakajaya Utara and Mekarpohaci villages, while Tempuran sub-districts are scattered in Tanjungjaya and Sumberjaya villages. Data was collected through field surveys and interviews using questionnaires. The analysis used in this research is spatial and descriptive. The result showed that the community perception was very good in the Pusakajaya Utara and Sumberjaya villages; while the community perception was good in Mekarpohaci and Tanjungjaya villages. The better community perception of mangrove ecotourism can be the basis for community participation to manage the potential of the mangrove ecosystem in the area.

The water quality can be improved by using probiotics as bioremediation. The probiotics are a consortium of nitrification and denitrification bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter insuavis), which both of the indigenous bacteria are the products of the Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension (RIFA). The objective study is to determine the adding frequency of RIFA probiotic into the water fish pond of catfish culture concerning growth performance and survival. The catfish fingerling with a size of 7-8 cm long and weighing 16.45 ± 0.3 g was used. The stocking density was 750 fish/pond. Nine plastic sheet ponds with a water volume of 1.6 m3 and completed with aeration were used. A dose of probiotics was 10 mL/m3. The difference in adding the frequency of probiotic as a treatment was as followed: A) every 5 days; B) every 10 days, and C) without probiotics. The parameters measured survival rate (SR), absolute weight growth, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), water quality. One way ANOVA with three treatments and three replications were performed. The results showed that the use of probiotics could control nitrogen compounds in catfish cultivation, where the frequency of administration every 5 days gives the best results.

This research was conducted to determine the performance of catfish given environmental probiotics during breeding. Catfish used in the study had a length of 1 - 1.5 cm and a weight of 0.065 ± 0.1 grams with a stocking density of 1000 individuals per pond. The study carried out in a stagnant pond. The treatments given were: 1) using probiotic and 2) without probiotic as acontrol. The study was conducted for 60 days. Parameters measured were growth, survival and water quality. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that catfish given probiotics had a more uniform size with an average size of 9.54 cm and 5.89 grams. Whereas catfish without being given probiotic vary in size with an average length of about 6.73 cm and weight around 2.35 grams. The weight growth of fish given probiotic was 5.83 grams with the survival rate of 85%. While fish without probiotic have a weight growth of 2.29 grams with a survival rate of 60%. Levels of ammonia in water media with Rifa probiotic better than without Rifa probiotic. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of the environmental probiotic showed a better performance on catfish growth than the control (without probiotic).

Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria are very fruitful for controlling water quality in fish culture because they have a role in converting toxic chemical compounds into non-toxic compounds. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the isolates of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in terms of oxidizing ammonia, accumulating total nitrite, and accumulating total nitrate activities. Eight isolates of bacteria consist of four nitrifying bacteria (NP1, NP2, NP3, and NP4), and four denitrifying bacteria (DP1, DP2, DP3, and DP4) were inoculated with the density of 102 CFU/ml. The result showed that NP1, NP2, NP3, and NP4 isolates have almost similar ability to oxidize ammonium of 99.57, 99.37, 99.89, and 99.83%, respectively. The NP1-NP4 isolates on the total nitrite accumulated were 0.06, 0.05, 0.06, and 0.06%, while the total nitrate accumulated were 1.56, 1.65, 2.08, and 1.65%, respectively. The isolates of DP1, DP2, DP3, and DP4 can reduce total nitrate by 99.9, 100.0, 99.9, and 99.9%, respectively, while accumulated total nitrite was 0.01, 0.04, 0.00, and 0.00%. Isolates of NP2 and DP2 are recommended for controlling chemical compounds in the pond water.