A spam detection method, based on cognitive pattern recognition, had been proposed .The connection between Email category and cognition of Email user interest within life and work, had been analyzed. Under the guidance of cognitive pattern recognition theory, the mechanism of spam detection , based on intelligent cognition of Email user interest within life and work, had been discussed. Then the spam detection algorithm and its concrete implementation was given. Experimental results demonstrate that the spam detection algorithm has a good learning ability, scalability, and a good ability to achieve high recognition accuracy