The failure mechanism of hydraulic pump is complex, and its faulty features are frequently submerged in the nonlinear interference caused by various components. The fault diagnosis of hydraulic pump is a challenge in the field of machinery. The conventional fault diagnosis approaches have several drawbacks. First, the operator should be cognizant of the mechanism of hydraulic pump. Second, the procedure is onerous, and has many parameters to set. Third, the shallow classification is weak for this complex problem, which leads to low accuracy rate. This paper developed a new scheme by using improved convolutional neural network. It can be directly used without human intervention, although the operator knows little knowledge about hydraulic pump. Therefore, it is simple to be employed and easy for widely promotion. Validated by fault diagnosis cases of hydraulic pump, the proposed scheme is not only simple for application, but also is superior to other machine learning algorithms, especially when the pump speed varies.

By Hirschman-Herfindahl Index, the paper measures the spatial structure transformation of the Chinese container port system from the perspective of cargo flow in recent 13 years. It indicates that the spatial structure of container port system enters into ''the challenge of the periphery'' phase as a whole, the decentralization of container flow become the mainstream tendency of the spatial variation of China's container port system; on the other hand, the spatial structure of container port system shows different characteristic in seven port regions, such as low-level equilibrium, single-gateway, multi-gateway and so on. It is a fact that multigateway port region of container port system has formed in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta region. Economic and foreign trade development, government macro-control and policy guidance, challenge of the periphery, network expansion of the terminal operators and shipping liners are the main driving forces for these new phenomena.

Abstract:As an important branch of human geography, transportation geography has experienced three periods of evolution: foundation, systematization, and rapid development of the discipline. It has gradually become a relatively mature discipline. During the period 1930-1980, the development of transportation geography consisted mainly of the publication of theoretical texts. During 1980-2000, it gradually became a systematic discipline. Since the start of the 21st century, transportation geography has focused mainly on exploring the impacts of transportation on socio-economic development. Currently, studies on transportation geography have led to significant developments in a number of areas, including transportation theory, facility distribution and planning, transportation flows and network analysis, evaluation of transport modes, transportation planning, and simulation and assessment of urban transportation. Such studies have also enriched human geography research, provided a wider geographical overview and elucidated the development mechanism of transportation, as well as helped to understand the impacts of transport development on socio-economic systems. Some findings obtained by geographers have been widely used in transportation geography and related fields, including the four basic laws of transportation generation, the hub-spoke mode of transport organization, the subordinating and guiding functions of transportation on socio-economic development, regional transport dominance measures, accessibility measures, and spatial organization of port systems.

Based on the questionnaire investigation, the authors make a comparative study on local residents' perception of tourism impacts in Xidi, Zhouzhuang and Jiuhua Mountain. The result shows that residents of the three places tend to have strong and consistent perception of its positive economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts, but distinctly diverse ones of its negative impacts. Residents in Xidi and Zhouzhuang also have noticeable perception of its negative environmental impacts while those in Jiuhua Mountain have weaker perception of them. The research confirms the fact that residents are more liable to have positive perceptions at the early stage of the life cycle of the tourist places. The authors conclude that there exists a nonlinear relationship between residents' perception and tourism development stages, and that tourism socio-cultural impact may appear at an early stage of tourism development instead of being no universal.

Abstract:The impact of manufacturing transfer in Jiangsu province, China, on the spatial-temporal variations of SO 2 emissions is investigated using estimated sector-specific SO 2 emissions, and , respectively. The paper reveals that structure adjustments should be executed in a timely manner in the manufacturing transfer-in process so that the transfer-in regions can benefit from the economic boom without bearing a deteriorated environment.