Korean is often referred to as a low-resource language in the research community. While this claim is partially true, it is also because the availability of resources is inadequately advertised and curated. This work curates and reviews a list of Korean corpora, first describing institution-level resource development, then further iterate through a list of current open datasets for different types of tasks. We then propose a direction on how open-source dataset construction and releases should be done for less-resourced languages to promote research.

We introduce Korean Language Understanding Evaluation (KLUE) benchmark. KLUE is a collection of 8 Korean natural language understanding (NLU)

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Background Salicylic acid has been used as an anti‐acne agent with its comedolytic property and antimicrobial activity. However, there is a limit to use for leave‐on cosmetics because of the transient skin irritation and low efficacy at neutral pH condition. We prepared a salicylic acid‐based ionic pair with L‐carnitine (we named, IP‐BHA) overcoming the limitation of salicylic acid. We examined the effect of IP‐BHA as well as the combination effect with magnolol, a bioactive organic lignan, in order to clarify their efficacy as anti‐acne agents. Methods After verifying the structure of IP‐BHA, we confirmed anti‐acne activities including the regulation of exfoliation, lipogenesis, bacterial growth, and inflammation with IP‐BHA and/or magnolol. Results The antibacterial activity of IP‐BHA and magnolol was evaluated by determining the minimum antibacterial inhibitory concentration. Magnolol showed strong activity against Cutibacterium acnes, which was better than a medical antibiotic acne drug, clindamycin. The combined application with IP‐BHA was more effective in antibacterial activity by 2.5 times. It was confirmed that testosterone‐induced lipogenesis was significantly inhibited by treatment with IP‐BHA and magnolol, while single treatment had no significant inhibitory effect. Interestingly, MMP‐1 and VEGF were induced by C. acnes lysate in human keratinocytes. We found that these inflammatory molecules were completely inhibited by combined application of IP‐BHA and magnolol. Through ex vivo test, the dose‐dependent exfoliation effect of IP‐BHA was confirmed at pH 5.5, and the synergic exfoliation effect was shown in the combined application of IP‐BHA and magnolol. When topically applied, the emulsion containing IP‐BHA and magnolol relieved the sodium dodecyl sulfate‐induced erythema and improved inflamed acne with papule and pustule. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that the ionic paired salicylic acid with L‐carnitine can overcome the limitations of salicylic acid at low concentration and natural skin pH. Based on the dual administration effects, we suggest that IP‐BHA and magnolol may be the potential agent for acne by improving inflammatory skin condition.

This study examined the relationships and characteristics between generic skills and individual variables.The data from 187 students at a Korean university that participated in the Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes (AHELO) feasibility study were utilized. The results indicated that there were no differences in generic skills according to gender, age, and grade point average (GPA). The field of study was the only variable showing a statistically significant difference in generic skills among the three groups. As a result of cluster analysis, four groups were formed based on the characteristics of generic skills. No differences in generic skills were observed among the four groups according to gender, age, and field of study. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference in generic skills among the four groups according to the GPA.