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Application of cultural and landscape approach ensures better opportunities for explorers and designers to control the development of historic towns and the formation on their territories of sustainable system for protection of cultural and natural heritage. The following principles form the basic notion of historical and cultural town landscape: the townscape is functionally set up in the process of interaction between men and nature; there is a close interrelation between material and non-material components of the townscape; the important role of the spatial and visual relations in the townscape and its position in the historical and cyclic time should be taken into consideration. The concept of the historic town in the context of the cultural and landscape approach requires consideration of such characteristics as authenticity, integrity, historical representativeness and actuality. The necessity of the formation of cultural and landscape essential frame and its significant role in the preservation of historic town as a holistic and diversified cultural townscape.

The author considers and demonstrates in the article the place and role of cultural landscape in preservation of the Earth history on the example of cultural landscapes, nominated as cultural heritage by the society. He gives particular attention to the relation between the historic memory and such criteria of a cultural landscape as authenticity, integrity, historical representativeness and genuine documentary.

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