The formation of agricultural land use adequate to the tasks of the market economy is the most important task of the post-reform period. Agrarian transformations were of a social and political nature and solved the problems of transition from a planned to a market economy. To implement them, we used not the experience of Russia in previous years, but examples from the practice of advanced economies of the European Union. Therefore, the appearance of such a phenomenon as unused land (in general, characteristic of the crisis periods of the market economy) caused a negative perception. The paper considers this problem as an important social and economic phenomenon and suggests ways to solve it. For this purpose, the technology of identifying and detailed study of the state of the land is proposed. The identification of the natural suitability for the cultivation of the main agricultural crops is confirmed by ensuring sufficient efficiency of crop production. Based on the analysis of the conditions of land use (labor, capital and energy supply) and their legal status, the economic feasibility of involving unused plots in economic turnover is established. This will make it possible to make the necessary and reasonable decisions to restore the land and resource potential of agricultural production. To ensure the controlled and systematic implementation of the program to solve the problem, a state-commercial center is being created in the subject of the Federation, which organizes, controls and finances the activities carried out.

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As a result of the land reform, a new land system was formed, which gave rise to new phenomena in the land use system in the conditions of the market economy. The most important new problems of modern land use include the elimination of significant arable land areas from agricultural circulation. The paper proposes a comprehensive consideration of the possible involvement of these unused lands. It is based on taking into account natural and assessing the suitability of arable land usage in certain natural climatic conditions. The market economy requires arable land to ensure the efficiency of crop production. Actually usable land resources can provide sustainable or unsustainable efficiency. Sustainable inefficiency indicates the unsuitability of individual arable sites for efficient crop production. The natural and economic land potential can be used sufficiently effectively only if there are sufficient conditions to ensure production by labor, technical means, basic means of production, financial resources. Involvement of unused land is solved only as a complex problem. This is the correct and balanced approach and implementation of State programs in the field of land use that ensures food security.

Land use parameters determine to a large extent not only the scale, but also the efficiency of agricultural production. The article gives a description of the size and other qualitative characteristics of land use resulting from the agrarian transformations. The area of arable land used, including rented and owned by agricultural organizations, is shown by natural agricultural zones and the region as a whole. Based on the analysis of the influence of the size of arable land on the farm, the bonitet score, the technological properties of arable plots and their remoteness from production centers on the productivity and efficiency of crop production, the parameters providing effective and sustainable development of the industry were substantiated. In general, the trend of greater efficiency of crop production with a large land use is confirmed. As a result of the analysis, the marginal parameters of land quality were determined (bonitet score, index of estimated costs of the distance from economic centers to arable land), ensuring efficient crop production. These data were obtained for all natural and agricultural zones of the region. The validity of the parameters is determined by the state of agricultural production and is recommended for the next 5 years. In the future, such an analysis should be repeated periodically. The parameters obtained as a result of the study are recommended for use in the management of agricultural production and land use. They allow one to determine the main priorities in the agricultural policy of the region, including objects of state and regional support for agricultural production.

The influence of the forms of ownership of land and organizational and legal forms of management on the system of on-farm organization of land use is considered. The unified and isolated systems of land use organization and its influence on the solution of individual land management problems are substantiated. The content of the stages of land management is shown depending on the organization of the land and property complex in agricultural organizations.