Today the sale of goods and services is one of the most popular and relevant activities in the world. In this context, scientists and practitioners study the skills, abilities and competencies of specialists in this field. In companies working in the field of sales of goods and services, special attention is paid to the development of a motivational system for sales managers in order to increase their productivity. The theoretical and scientific and methodological approaches to improving the management system of a company operating in the field of sales have been investigated in the paper. The main directions and types of sales have been determined, the modern tools of effective sales have been revealed taking into account the experience of one of the leading companies in the field of sales. Also, the special attention is paid to the business characteristics and personal qualities of a successful sales manager. The business processes for the incoming line manager have been described as an algorithm. The processes of management of sales departments of enterprises have been studied on the basis of the use of system analysis. An approach to determining the efficiency of sales managers has been proposed, on the basis of which the formation of an annual matrix of sales managers' efficiency has been envisaged. The main reasons for the loss of quality requests and orders have been identified. The approach to personnel management of trade enterprises has been offered and the necessity of conducting analytical control of sales, management of interconnected processes as a single stream for effective work have been substantiated. The directions of increase of efficiency of work of sales department, by reduction of time for processing of inquiries, introduction of administrative actions have been defined. The possibility of increasing the company's income by increasing the quality of work of each employee of the sales department has been identified. A system of motivation for sales professionals according to their levels has been proposed: financial motivation (I level), financial and non-financial motivation (II level), promotion of sales managers (III level), providing creative freedom in work and the ability to make decisions in company management ( IV level). In turn, the motivation package should take into account the level of rejection of the order for each manager. At the same time the directions of sales should be taken into account: B2B sales, B2D sales, B2C sales, D2C sales.

Сучасний стан соціально-економічних перетворень в Україні характеризується найвищим рівнем антропогенного і техногенного навантаження по всій території, що перевищує в 6-7 разів рівень розвинених європейських держав. Ресурсоємність продукції України в 2-3 рази перевищує цей показник у розвинених країнах із ринковою економікою, а енергоємність-у 6-7 разів [6]. Крім того Українська економіка залишається

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Countries around the world are developing roadmaps for the modernization and development of energy networks in order to increase energy and economic efficiency, the introduction of tools for rational energy consumption, improving the reliability, sustainability and quality of electricity. At the same time, special interest is paid to the base of using innovative technologies and renewable energy sources. This article provides a bibliographic review of publications in the field of European experience in developing a roadmap for the modernization and development of energy grids. During the analysis, a selection of papers for 2010-2021 was selected from the Scopus® database, which contains bibliographic information about scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals, books and conferences.With the help of VOSviewer software were identified five clusters of research in the context of forming a roadmap for the modernization and development of energy grids. The first cluster is related to energy efficiency issues. This cluster has the most relationships with other clusters. The cluster contains key concepts such as roadmap, international roadmap technology and Smart Grid technology. The second cluster was formed on the basis of research on different types of energy resources. In the third cluster, most connections are found in terms of «sustainable development». The fourth cluster forms the key concepts related to energy policy and standardization. The fifth cluster includes energy development factors studied by developed countries. In turn, the article identifies the countries that are most interested in the deployment of the road map and the implementation of "Smart Grid" projects. Thus, the most actively studied this issue by such countries as Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Great Britain, Italy, Austria, the Netherlands, France. According to the results of the database of the Center for Joint Research "Smart Electricity Systems and Interoperability", the implemented Smart Grid projects by EU countries were analyzed. The main tasks of the modern energy model are outlined.

У статті проаналізовано сутнісно-змістовну основу конфліктів інтересу та виявлено основні причини та передумови їх виникнення на місцевому рівні, на основі чого запропоновано власне визначення конфлікту інтересів в органах місцевого самоврядування. Досліджено рівень сприйняття конфлікту інтересів на базі одного з структурних підрозділів Сумської міської ради та проаналізовано аналітичну інформацію з притягнення посадових осіб до адміністративної відповідальності за вчинення корупційних правопорушень у виконавчих органах місцевого самоврядування. Надано рекомендації щодо удосконалення антикорупційного механізму запобігання конфлікту інтересів в органах місцевого самоврядування на основі використання інноваційних підходів та зарубіжного досвіду. Визначено основні елементи антикорупційного механізму запобігання конфліктів інтересів: методи управління, юридичне забезпечення, принципи управління та інформаційне забезпечення. Дія механізму має бути спрямованою як на органи місцевого самоврядування, на державне управління, так і на суб'єктів господарювання та населення у цілому. The essential and meaningful basis of conflicts of interest has been analyzed and the main reasons and preconditions for their emergence at the local level have been revealed in the article, on the basis of which the self-determination of the interest conflict in local self-government bodies has been proposed. Conflict of interest in local self-government bodies is a contradiction between the personal interests of an official of a local self-government body (or persons close to her) and her official authority, which may affect the impartiality of management decisions by such a person, which, in turn, will lead to a violation of interests of territorial community in solving local issues. The level of the interest conflict perception has been studied on the basis of one of the structural subdivisions of Sumy City Council as well as the analytical information on the attraction of officials to administrative responsibility for committing corruption offenses in executive bodies of local self-government has been analyzed. The recommendations for improving the anti-corruption mechanism for preventing conflicts of interest in local self-government bodies have been proposed based on the use of innovative approaches and foreign experience. The main elements of the anti-corruption mechanism for preventing of interest conflicts have been identified, such as management methods, legal support, management principles and information provision. The mechanism should be aimed at both local self-government bodies, public administration, and economic entities and the population in general.