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The article presents a new view on opportunities on using microorganisms for achieving a wide range of biotechnological and environmental objectives. Examples of recent innovations in applying bio-products based on living cells of microorganisms for remediating oil polluted soils and enhancing soil fertility are given. The significance of microbiological solutions with regards of achieving objectives of the National Project "Environment/Ecology" is underlined. Perspectives and effectiveness of technologies applying microbial biomass enriched in microelements for correcting microelementoses and preventing biogeochemical endemic diseases is demonstrated. biogeochemistry, biotechnology, geochemical ecology, microelementosis, effectiveness of application, microbial bio-products.

The fundamental and applied problems of geochemical ecology of microorganisms are considered. Examples of modern innovations in the field of biotechnologies with the use of microorganisms for obtaining trace element preparations, prevention of biogeochemical endemias and microelementhoses are given.