In nowadays, an important area in medicine is the early preclinical identification of the parameters deviations from the norm, where mathematical modeling can help, which should be used to calculate individual linear parameters of internal structures based on external parameters of the body. The aim of the study was to calculate the individual total linear measures of the lumbar intervertebral discs in juniors and men of the first adulthood (17-28 years) in norm. The total size of the each intervertebral discs were calculated a sum of the anterior-posterior diameter, frontal diameter and vertical sizes of each lumbar intervertebral discs, which were measured by MRI. The next step was to calculate the relative proportional nonlinear somato-disc rates (based on body weight and body length) for each individual examined. Mathematical processing of the measured parameters and the relative values of the somato-disc relationships was carried out by the statistical data processing program “STATISTICA 6.1” using parametric methods. The correct distribution of the variational series indicators, mean values and their standard errors were evaluated. Based on relative values the mathematical model was created to obtain individual values of the TS of the lumbar intervertebral discs. Subsequently, we compared the measured total discs sizes of the anterior-posterior, frontal diameters and vertical sizes of the lumbar intervertebral discs with a mathematically calculated value for each lumbar intervertebral discs. The significant difference between the mathematically calculated and measured values of the total intervertebral discs’ sizes of the didn’t exceed 10%. Determination of the standard linear dimensions of the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine using CT and MRI and comparison with theoretically calculated indices will make it possible to diagnose early manifestations of the lumbar intervertebral discs pathology.

The research for new vertebro-somatometric correlations will significantly improve the possibilities of methods for individualizations of the normal parameters and will accelerate the introduction of scientific developments into the daily practice of clinicians, radiologists, neurosurgeons and other specialists. The aim of research is to investigate the peculiarities of relationships between partial linear dimensions of the lumbar intervertebral discs, their total sizes and relative indicators with somatometric parameters in the youth and young adult males in norm. The linear dimensions of the lumbar intervertebral discs (height, sagittal and transverse sizes) were measured noninvasively on the MRI images in the axial, sagittal and coronal plains. The somatometric investigation was performed individually with measuring of the general (length and weight of body) and particular sizes (the longitudinal sizes, the transverse sizes, the circumferences, pelvic sizes and skinfolds thickness). The bony, muscle and fat components of the body mass were calculated. Correlation analysis was performed in the «Statistica 6.1» license package. The arithmetic means of absolute correlation coefficients between particular and total individual sizes of IVDL1-L2, IVDL2-L3, IVDL3-L4, IVDL4-L5 and relative quantity with somatometric parameters were calculated with following results: arithmetic means of absolute correlation coefficients for particular individual sizes are within 0.080 – 0.150; for total sizes – 0.240; for ratio of the total sizes to the mass-growth coefficient – 0.490. Analysis of arithmetic mean values of absolute correlations with somatometric parameters in youth and young adult males in the norm (17-28 years) showed a gradual increase in the values of correlation coefficients and an increase in the number of significant correlations with maximum values in relative indicators. Thus, in youth and young adult males aged 18-28 years, the features of the relationship of somato-anthropometric parameters with the linear dimensions of the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine in the norm were studied. The numerous relationships between the partial (height, sagittal and transverse sizes) linear dimensions and total sizes of the lumbar intervertebral discs in the youth and young adult males in norm (17-28 years) with their somatometric parameters were found. Thus, the use of relative indicators can be more acceptable in the subsequent mathematical modeling of individual indicators, in particular, the parameters of the intervertebral discs.

The relationships between linear dimensions of the lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDL1-L2, IVDL2-L3, IVDL3-L4, IVDL4-L5) and somatometric parameters in girls and females of the first adulthood were investigated. The numerous relationships between the partial (height, sagittal and transverse sizes) linear dimensions and total sizes of the lumbar intervertebral discs in girls and women of the first adulthood (16-26 years) with their somatometric parameters were found. The linear dimensions of the lumbar intervertebral discs (height, sagittal and transverse sizes) were measured on the MRI images in the axial, sagittal and coronal plains. The arithmetic means of absolute correlation coefficients between particular and total individual sizes of IVDL1-L2, IVDL2-L3, IVDL3-L4, IVDL4-L5 and relative quantity with somatometric parameters were calculated with following results: arithmetic means of absolute correlation coefficients for particular individual sizes are within 0,120 - 0,170; for total sizes – 0,190; for ratio of the total sizes to the mass-growth coefficient – 0,507.

One of the important tasks of modern science is to find biochemical markers that would be able to reflect the risks of development and the nature of the course of various diseases, as well as to predict their possible consequences. In recent years, a significant number of compounds that can affect the biochemical profile of the organism have been identified. Homocysteine – a product of methionine metabolism, belongs to one of these markers, and the effects of its influece on the structure and function of various organs are being actively studied by modern researchers. The aim of the study is to find the patterns of electron microscopic changes in the liver structure of adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white nonlinear mature male rats, which were divided into a control group and an experimental group. A model of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was created by administering to rats of experimental group thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. The study of ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats was performed using an electron microscope PEM-125K. In adult rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia at the ultrastructural level, dystrophic and destructive changes in hepatocytes, endotheliocytes in the walls of sinusoids and Kupffer cells were found. These changes were more pronounced than in young rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia. Revealed structural changes in decompensation (depletion) of mitochondria – fewer number of cristae and enlightened matrix. In contrast to young rats, adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia in the perisinusoidal spaces showed elongated Ito cells, a significant proportion of the cytoplasm is occupied by the Golgi complex and granular endoplasmic reticulum tanks, indicating protein synthesis for export. In Ito cells, the content of fat droplets, which are located on opposite poles of cells, is reduced. This morphological picture manifests the transformation of Ito cells into fibroblasts.

Disruption of the metabolism of the essential amino acid methionine causes the syndrome of hyperhomocysteinemia. This pathological condition is associated with the risk of developing a number of diseases, including chronic liver disease. The mechanisms of liver tissue damage in hyperhomocysteinemia remain poorly understood and require more detailed study. The aim of the study is to establish the features of submicroscopic changes in the liver structure of old rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white nonlinear old (24-26 months) male rats, which were divided into a control group and an experimental group. A model of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was created by administering to rats of experimental group of thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. The study of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of rats was performed using an electron microscope PEM-125K. At experimental hyperhomocysteinemia in a liver of old rats there are changes in all structural components. Mitochondrial destruction and edema were observed in the vascular endothelium. Organelles have an enlightened matrix, a reduced number of cristae. A significant content of destructively altered mitochondria in endothelial cells indicates a failure of adaptation mechanisms. Erythrocyte sludges are observed in the lumens of the sinusoids. The number of fat-accumulating cells decreases, which indicates their transformation into fibroblasts and leads to the growth of collagen fibers, expansion of the sinusoidal spaces and the development of stromal fibrosis.