Background As the country with the largest aging population, China faces an enormous challenge with its elderly support and care. One of the proposed solutions is the development of volunteerism for elderly care. The Senior Care Volunteers Training Program (SCVTP) was initiated by the Red Cross Society of China with the purpose of training volunteers to care for community seniors. As one of the four pilot provinces, Jiangsu Province launched the program since 2017. Aims The present study was conducted to investigate the dropout rate of trained volunteer group leaders, the characteristics of the retained trained volunteer group leaders and the activities that their groups conducted. Additionally, the exploration of the factors influencing the SCVTP's performance was listed as another aim. Methods A cross-sectional study was designed. The study used purposive sampling to select participants who meet the criteria from all the trained volunteer group leaders (n = 623). Demographic questionnaire, volunteer role identity (VRI) scale, attitude toward helping others (AHO) scale, team climate and atmosphere (TCA) scale, and volunteer program performance evaluation (VPPE) questionnaire were used to collect the data online. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the dropout rate and general characteristics of the retained volunteers and the activities. A multiple linear regression equation was developed to study the factors that influence program performance.

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) is a key population for preventing HIV in China, yet Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is not widely accepted in this population. An online questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019. Among 1915 MSM from 34 geographical regions of China, 512 (26.7%) versus 1617 (84.4%) had an objective or subjective need of PrEP, respectively. One hundred and six (5.5%) reported affordability and only 23 (1.2%) had ever taken it. A wide disconnect exists among the objective need, willingness, affordability and uptake of PrEP. Age, living alone and occupation were associated with the objective needs. Education, occupation, sexual behavior were associated with the willingness. Age, income, sexual behavior were associated with actual usage. Cost was the most prevalent barrier, accounting for 78.22% of individuals who needed and wished for PrEP but finally failed to receive it. The findings might facilitate optimizing future allocation of resources to better promote PrEP in Chinese MSM.

This article of mine water as the research object, using different coagulants (PAC, FC, AC) and coagulation tests of the mine water, to determine the removal of turbidity and organic matter most good coagulant PAC. Determine the optimal dosage of 16 mg / l, the mine water effluent turbidity removal efficiency of more than 90%, chemical oxygen demand CODCr removal rate reached more than 60%.

Immanent factors and change process in land degradation through soil degradation process is reflected, the main types of soil degradation are soil erosion and land desertification. This article take soil erosion as main degenerated form research land degradation intrinsic major effect factor. But soil erosion's major indexes are soil anti-scouring, soil anti-scouring macroscopic representation is soil anti-shear strength. How in situ testing, the quantitative reflection soil degradation's intrinsic factor is the soil degradation new problem. To solve this problem, the research and development has been able to reflect the soil degradation major effect factor the apparatus of mensurated soil anti-shear strength. This instrument has functions and so on man-machine interface, data storage, serial port communication, and uses the least square method analysis and digital filtering in order to the data analysis, the curve fitting. After and the traditional experiment's result contrast, has confirmed instrument's feasibility, the usability and the accuracy. Research on prevention of soil degradation in the main factors providing new ideas and concepts; can be a new index for monitoring soil degradation; and monitoring of soil degradation, provides a new technological means.