Hollow polymer capsules (HPC) are one of the widely studied topics in two-dimensional (2D) materials as artificial cargo carriers that simulate natural cells containing life substances and complex life activities, In the past two decades, methodologies and application scenarios for the synthesis of polymer capsules with diversified morphology and multiple functions have received extensive attention. In particular, well-defined HPC with hollow compartments can serve as a drug delivery system with high load capacity, low toxicity, targeted and efficient release. This perspective aims to briefly summarize the developed fabrication strategy of HPC, evaluate their application characteristics in drug encapsulation and delivery, and propose a development direction of HPC as an outstanding drug carrier system.