Pyroptosis, also known as cell inflammatory necrosis, is a new way of programmed cell death discovered and confirmed in recent years, which is characterized by dependence on inflammatory caspase and the release of a large number of pro-inflammatory factors. GSDMD plays an irreplaceable role in the process of pyroptosis. Studies have shown that pyroptosis is widely involved in the development of infectious diseases, nervous system-related diseases and atherosclerotic diseases, and plays an important role. Recent studies have shown that cell death is involved in the central link of many eye diseases, especially dry eye, senile cataract and glaucoma. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of cell death in eye diseases will help to provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of eye diseases. The purpose of this paper is to explain the mechanism of cell death and its related role in some eye diseases.