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Abstract. Observation expansion has brought new requirements for validity, security, stability and integrity of observation data transmission in recent years. Under this background, this paper designs a modularized marine observation data transmission system, describes its overall architecture and software design and proposes level-free data transmission system for overall control of data transmission. In the end, the environment for marine observation data transmission is simulated to test the system, proving that the proposed system can improve the efficiency of data transmission and realize the unified transmission, monitoring and management of data.