Advances in science and technology are one of the factors that can pose military and non-military threats. For this reason, the study of Indonesian defense is important for the academic and policy community. Countries tend to accumulate weapons or ally with big powers to maintain national security. This study aims to analyze the defense strategy adopted by Indonesia in facing military and non-military threats. Qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach. This study concludes that national defense is the duty and responsibility of all elements of the nation, so a critical and scientific way of thinking is needed to build national defense through enriching the scientific repertoire of defense management. In addition, the defense economic perspective is an alternative that can be used as a defense strategy for Indonesia in facing various threats.

This research aims to study and describe the existing conditions of Indonesia's current defense management and analyze and develop an adaptive and competitive Indonesian defense management model. This research is a descriptive type with a qualitative approach. The nature of this research is exploratory and qualitative analysis techniques which consist of five stages, namely data collection and assessment, data reduction, data presentation, data validity checking, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are that currently the defense management carried out by Indonesia still has some gaps and weaknesses where the defense management model has not been developed holistically, where the management of national defense and security has not been interpreted as a whole system. Considering that the implementation of security and defense must be comprehensively carried out as an integrated security and defense system, whose output is of course in addition to the realization of a component of the national defense and security force, including citizens who have strong national resilience. Then, the national defense management model that is found can improve coordination and cooperation between the Ministry of Defense and related institutions in strengthening defense and improving national security as a whole.

Agent development and maintenance efforts can be driven by a variety of variables that are directly or indirectly influenced, including organizational climate, achievement, emotional intelligence, and job satisfaction. This study uses descriptive and explanatory methods; the sample used is the 10 life insurance companies with the largest market share in Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek). Data analysis using bin and path analysis. Regional interval analysis results show that organizational climate is favorable; rewards, emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment are at high levels. Additionally, the results of the path analysis show organizational climate and emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, rewards, organizational life commitment, which, in turn, partially or simultaneously affect life insurance agents; organizational climate and rewards affect organizational engagement through life insurance agents' emotional intelligence; organizational climate and rewards affect organizational engagement through life insurance agents' job satisfaction; emotional intelligence and job satisfaction partially and simultaneously affects the organizational engagement of life insurance agents.