In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, the combination of mobile robots and IoT technology has realized the complementary advantages of the IoT and robots, which has brought new challenges and opportunities for the development and application of the IoT and mobile robots. In this study, a mobile robot positioning system based on the wireless positioning technology of the IoT is first designed, and an adaptive federated filtering algorithm based on the confidence of the sensor measurement data is given, and the data fusion processing is carried out for the positioning system to achieve the accurate positioning of the mobile robot. Then, we embed the intelligent control system of the ring lamp and propose an adaptive fuzzy PI double closed loop equalization control strategy, which can automatically identify the number of interlaced parallel and ensure its equalization effect. The experimental results show that the equalization strategy designed in this study has a good equalization effect in the loop interleaving parallel topology, strong adaptive parameter adjustment ability, good robustness, and anti-interference.