[1] Many have made efforts to clarify the climatic significance of stable isotopic variations in ice cores around central Asia through the study of stable isotopes in present-day precipitation. A new shallow ice core from Muztagata, in the eastern Pamirs, allows for a detailed comparison of annual d 18 O variation with local meteorological data as well as with global air temperature variations. On the basis of a comparison of seasonal fluctuations of d 18 O in the local precipitation, the 41.6-m ice core drilled at 7010 m provides a record of about one-half century. The annual fluctuations of d 18 O in this ice core are in good agreement (correlation coefficient of 0.67) with the annual air temperature changes at the nearby meteorological station Taxkorgen, indicating that the isotopic record from this ice core is a reliable temperature trend indicator. The most important discovery from the d 18 O variation of this ice core is a rapid warming trend in the 1990s, which is consistent with a general global warming trend over this time period. This recent rapid warming at higher elevations in this area has led to the quick retreat of alpine glaciers.Citation: Tian, L

emm12 GAS strain caused the large 2011 outbreak of scarlet fever in Shanghai. Antibiotic resistance to macrolides and clindamycin in GAS is prevalent in Shanghai.

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The combination of metal nanoparticles and polymers endows their hybrid composites with a number of unique features and opens a new way to fabricate novel functional materials.

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