A 1-mm-diameter all-light atom guide capable of transporting ultracold atoms tens of centimeters with high efficiency is described. We made the atom tunnel, a dark hollow beam that is blue detuned from resonance, by passing a few tens of milliwatts of power from a TEM 00 diode laser beam through an optical sequence composed of three axicons and a simple lens. We demonstrate transport of 10 8 Cs atoms approximately 20 cm with minimal heating. We show that it is possible for one to control the direction and speed of the atoms in the tunnel by varying the detuning of the tunnel beam.

Dual-mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite with highly b axis oriented large mesopores was synthesized by using nonionic copolymer F127 and cationic surfactant CTAB as co-templates. The product contains two types of mesopores--smaller wormlike ones of 3.3 nm in size and highly oriented larger ones of 30-50 nm in diameter along the b axis--and both of them interpenetrate throughout the zeolite crystals and interconnect with zeolite microporosity. The dual-mesoporous zeolite exhibits excellent catalytic performance in the condensation of benzaldehyde with ethanol and greater than 99 % selectivity for benzoin ethyl ether at room temperature, which can be ascribed to the zeolite lattice structure offering catalytically active sites and the hierarchical and oriented mesoporous structure providing fast access of reactants to these sites in the catalytic reaction. The excellent recyclability and high catalytic stability of the catalyst suggest prospective applications of such unique mesoporous zeolites in the chemical industry.

Mesoporous TS-1 zeolites (MTS-1) were prepared through direct hydrothermal treatment by using CTAB as the mesoporogen under the assistance of ethanol, and they demonstrated much higher catalytic activity and better recyclability in thiophene oxidation, due to the decreased hydrophobicity and mesoporous structure.New regulations for ultra clean oils with a sulfur content lower than 15 or 10 ppm have been mandated in United States and European countries for environmental protection, respectively. Similarly this year, China has implemented the Euro 5 (10 ppm) standard in some big cities like Beijing. Thus, the production of ultra clean oils is an urgent mission for oil industries. However, the cost to reduce the sulfur content from 500 ppm to 15 ppm is much higher than that needed in desulfurizing crude oils to 500 ppm, by using present technologies like hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. 1,2 The presence of ''inactive sulfur'' like thiophene and its derivates (benzothiophenes and dibenzothiophenes) are refractory and always need treating in fuels under high pressure of hydrogen at elevated temperatures in the HDS process. 2,3 Hence, oxidative desulfurization (ODS), biodesulfurization, ultrasoundassisted technique and solvent extraction have been proposed to meet the stringent regulations. 1,3-5 Among them, oxidative desulfurization which has been developed for about 10 years, combined with solvent extraction, are one of the most promising techniques to obtain ultra-clean oils or even ''zero-sulfur'' oils, and have gained great interest in the past few years. 1,3,6 Benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and their corresponding alkyl-substitutes with high electron density of sulfur atoms, could be oxidized into corresponding sulfones through various reaction systems, such as organic peracids, 7,8 H 2 O 2 / tungsten salts, 9 t-butylhydroperoxide/transition metaloxides, 10 H 2 O 2 /solid redox catalysts, 11-13 and H 2 O 2 /tungsten/ionic liquids complexes. 14,15 However, thiophene, another major source of sulfur compounds in oils, is highly stable and difficult to be oxidized due to the delocalization effect of its electrons. 4,16 The electron density of the sulfur atom in thiophene is as low as 5.696, which cannot meet the lowest standard between 5.716 and 5.739 for sulfoxidation by using hydrogen peroxide as oxidants. 8 Thus, the oxidation of thiophene is much more difficult than either BT or DBT, or their derivates. A large number of literatures have demonstrated that Ti-containing molecular sieves (Ti-Beta and Ti-HMS) combined with H 2 O 2 are active and environmental friendly in the oxidation of BTs and DBTs. 11,[17][18][19] Among them, titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolites, because of its superior hydrophobicity and intrinsically higher catalytic activity than Ti-Beta, is on the top of a few highly active catalysts in thiophene oxidation. [20][21][22][23][24][25] With the incorporation of Ti into a MFI framework, TS-1 zeolites are crystalline with an extensive microporosity of about 0.55 nm in pore diameter...