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School of Materials Science and Engineering. In addition, I also collected and analyzed the data. • All microscopy, including sample preparation, was conducted by me in the Facility for Analysis, Characterization, Testing and Simulation. • Dr Li Chaojiang assisted in the preparation of experiment setting. • Dr Li Chaojiang assisted in the interpretation of the by Fourier transform infrared data and carried out the spectral interpretation. • Dr Cao Xun assisted in the collection and provide guidance in the scanning electron microscope data.