The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a stress response mediated by the expression of genes such as chaperones, proteases, and mitokines to maintain mitochondrial proteostasis. Certain genetically modified mice, which defect mitochondrial proteins specifically in adipocytes, developed atrophy of the white adipose tissue, resisted diet-induced obesity, and had altered whole-body metabolism. UPRmt, which has beneficial functions for living organisms, is termed “mitohormesis”, but its specific characteristics and detailed regulatory mechanism have not been elucidated to date. In this review, we discuss the function of UPRmt in adipose atrophy (lipoatrophy), whole-body metabolism, and lifespan based on the concept of mitohormesis.

Nonlinear refractive indexes of the dionedioximes metal complexes were measured by a surface plasmon resonance method. Extremely large nonlinear refractive index; -1 . 9~1 0 '~ cm2/W, was obtained for the Pt(dmg)z at a wavelength of 1.06'pm. Index change over was steadily realized without any defect in the sample film. The absorbance of the film at this wavelength is too small to measure. Nonlinear refractive indexes of Ni(dmg)2 and Pd(dmg)2 are about one order smaller than that of Pt(dmg)2. These values are still very large as non-resonant regions.

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