To evaluate the compatibility of corneal curvature and astigmatism, and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) measured by the Scheimpflug camera Pentacam HR and the swept-source optical coherence tomography ANTERION.Method: This prospective study included normal subjects with no ophthalmic history. Steep keratometry (K), flat K, astigmatism and its axis of the anterior and posterior surfaces, total corneal power, and HOAs using the two instruments were compared. To compare the mean values of the measurements, a paired t-test was used. Bland-Altman analysis was applied to assess the agreement between the two devices.Results: Fifty-three eyes of 53 subjects were evaluated. There were statistically significant differences for steep K, astigmatism, and vector J0, J45 in the anterior surface and total corneal power between the two devices (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in the most of the keratometric values of the posterior corneal surface (p<0.05) except J0 (p=0.410). Both devices showed strong positive correlations in Ks, Kf, Kastig (r>0.81, p<0.001) with wide ranges of a 95% limit of agreement (LoA). Vectoral components were significantly correlated (r>0.78, p<0.001) with narrow 95% LoA, except J45 of the posterior surface (r=0.39, p=0.004). In the corneal HOAs, there were statistically significant differences in the vertical coma, horizontal trefoil, spherical aberration, and root mean square (RMS) of each fifth-and sixth-order Zernike coefficient (p=0.043, 0.041, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). Other HOAs showed moderate to strong positive correlations (r>0.37, p<0.05). Most HOAs, except for the horizontal trefoil, showed clinically acceptable agreements. The total RMS of HOAs was not significantly different between the two devices (p=0.122). Conclusion:Most of the keratometric values cannot be used interchangeably. However, the vectoral component of astigmatism showed clinically good agreement. Several HOAs have statistically significant differences; however, almost all HOAs showed acceptable agreements, except for the horizontal trefoil.

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Dear Editor,Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myelocytic leukemia, characterized by the chromosomal abnormality t(15:17) coding a PML/RAR alpha fusion protein that affects differentiation of the promyelocyte cell in bone marrow. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a key treatment for APL, acts as a differentiating agent in combination with other induction chemotherapy. Differentiation syndrome (DS) is a complication in APL patients undergoing induction chemotherapy with ATRA or arsenic trioxide [1]. The pathophysiology of DS is not understood precisely; however, it appears to be associated with a large pool of leukemic blasts, massive tissue infiltration of cells, cytokine increase, and systemic capillary leak syndrome, clinically presenting as dyspnea, fever, peripheral edema, weight gain, pleural, pericardial effusion, and acute kidney injury [2,3]. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman experiencing visual discomfort after starting ATRA treatment. This case highlights that visual symptoms can arise earlier than other well-known life-threatening symptoms of DS.A 66-year-old female patient presented with a fourmonth history of headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Blood tests revealed pancytopenia, and bone marrow examination confirmed PML/RARA gene positive. She was diagnosed with APL for the first time and was admitted to the

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